The study of the relation between culture and intelligence starts with the idea that behavior that in one particular cultural context is considered intelligent or somehow adaptive may, in another and different cultural context, be considered unintelligent and quite possibly maladaptive (Cole, Gay, Glick, & Sharp, 1971; Sternberg, 2004a, 2007, 2012, 2014). In one country, stating one’s political views honestly and openly may win an individual the top political job, such as the presidency; in another country with another culture, stating one’s political views honestly and openly may lead to a death sentence.