Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface and Acknowledgments
- 1 An Introduction to Logical Empiricism and the Unity of Science Movement in the Cold War
- 2 Otto Neurath, Charles Morris, Rudolf Carnap, and Philipp Frank: Political Philosophers of Science
- 3 Leftist Philosophy of Science in America and the Reception of Logical Empiricism in New York City
- 4 “Doomed in Advance to Defeat”? John Dewey on Reductionism, Values, and the International Encyclopedia of Unified Science
- 5 Red Philosophy of Science: Blumberg, Malisoff, Somerville, and Early Philosophy of Science
- 6 The View from the Left: Logical Empiricism and Radical Philosophers
- 7 The View from the Far Left: Logical Empiricism and Communist Philosophers
- 8 Postwar Disillusionment, Anti-Intellectualism, and the Values Debate
- 9 Horace Kallen's Attack on the Unity of Science
- 10 Creeping Totalitarianism, Creeping Scholasticism: Neurath, Frank, and the Trouble with Semantics
- 11 Frank's Neurathian Crusade: Science, Enlightenment, and Values
- 12 “A Very Fertile Field for Investigation”: Anticollectivism and Anticommunism in Popular and Academic Culture
- 13 Anticommunist Investigations, Loyalty Oaths, and the Wrath of Sidney Hook
- 14 Competing Programs for Postwar Philosophy of Science
- 15 Freedom Celebrated: The Professional Decline of Philipp Frank and the Unity of Science Movement
- 16 The Marginalization of Charles Morris
- 17 Values, Axioms, and the Icy Slopes of Logic
- 18 Professionalism, Power, and What Might Have Been
- References
- Index
2 - Otto Neurath, Charles Morris, Rudolf Carnap, and Philipp Frank: Political Philosophers of Science
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 21 January 2010
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface and Acknowledgments
- 1 An Introduction to Logical Empiricism and the Unity of Science Movement in the Cold War
- 2 Otto Neurath, Charles Morris, Rudolf Carnap, and Philipp Frank: Political Philosophers of Science
- 3 Leftist Philosophy of Science in America and the Reception of Logical Empiricism in New York City
- 4 “Doomed in Advance to Defeat”? John Dewey on Reductionism, Values, and the International Encyclopedia of Unified Science
- 5 Red Philosophy of Science: Blumberg, Malisoff, Somerville, and Early Philosophy of Science
- 6 The View from the Left: Logical Empiricism and Radical Philosophers
- 7 The View from the Far Left: Logical Empiricism and Communist Philosophers
- 8 Postwar Disillusionment, Anti-Intellectualism, and the Values Debate
- 9 Horace Kallen's Attack on the Unity of Science
- 10 Creeping Totalitarianism, Creeping Scholasticism: Neurath, Frank, and the Trouble with Semantics
- 11 Frank's Neurathian Crusade: Science, Enlightenment, and Values
- 12 “A Very Fertile Field for Investigation”: Anticollectivism and Anticommunism in Popular and Academic Culture
- 13 Anticommunist Investigations, Loyalty Oaths, and the Wrath of Sidney Hook
- 14 Competing Programs for Postwar Philosophy of Science
- 15 Freedom Celebrated: The Professional Decline of Philipp Frank and the Unity of Science Movement
- 16 The Marginalization of Charles Morris
- 17 Values, Axioms, and the Icy Slopes of Logic
- 18 Professionalism, Power, and What Might Have Been
- References
- Index
Summary
Logical empiricists themselves indicated that logical empiricism and the Unity of Science movement had not only intellectual (or narrowly epistemological) ambitions, but also social, cultural, and – broadly construed – political ambitions. In his autobiography, Carnap wrote, “All of us in the [Vienna] Circle were strongly interested in social and political progress. Most of us, myself included, were socialists” (1963a, 23). For most, moreover, their socialist politics or outlooks were in various ways connected to their philosophical projects. Had the Vienna Circle's manifesto, Wissenschaftliche Weltauffassung, written by Carnap, Neurath, and Hans Hahn in 1929, been sooner translated and published in America, the progressive, socialist outlook of logical empiricism might have been better known to American philosophers of science. The manifesto sketched a broad, modernist aesthetic that connected the tasks of eliminating metaphysics, reforming philosophy, and unifying the sciences:
The endeavor is to link and harmonise the achievements of individual investigators in their various fields of science. From this aim follows the emphasis on collective efforts, and also the emphasis on what can be grasped intersubjectively; from this springs the search for a neutral system of formulae, for a symbolism freed from the slag of historical languages; and also the search for a total system of concepts. Neatness and clarity are striven for, and dark distances and unfathomable depths rejected. In science there are no “depths”; there is surface everywhere: all experience forms a complex network, which cannot always be surveyed and can often be grasped only in parts. Everything is accessible to man; and man is the measure of all things. […]
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- How the Cold War Transformed Philosophy of ScienceTo the Icy Slopes of Logic, pp. 27 - 56Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2005
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