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23 - Permutability and subnormality of subgroups

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 March 2010

Rudolf R Maier
Affiliation:
UnB-Brasilia, 70.910 Brasilia-DF, Brazil
C. M. Campbell
Affiliation:
University of St Andrews, Scotland
E. F. Robertson
Affiliation:
University of St Andrews, Scotland
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Summary

The main purpose of this survey article is the presentation of a result of the author's paper: Zur Vertauschbarkeit und Subnormalität von Untergruppen, which appeared in Archiv der Mathematik 53 (1989), 110–120.

The result was obtained while the author was visiting the University of Tübingen during a sabbatical semester in 1987.

For common concepts and notation which we shall use in this report, see introductory books in finite group theory, for example [G].

Introduction to the problem

If G is a group and if A, B are subgroups of G, the subgroup <A, B> of G generated by A∪B is of interest. Due to the fact that a group is a noncommutative algebraic structure, it is impossible in general to predict some special property of <A, B> only by the knowledge of the internal properties of the generating subgroups A and B. For example, two cyclic subgroups may generate a highly complicated simple group.

To be able to control the properties of the group <A, B> by those of A and B, the generation of <A, B> must happen in a special way. The most transparent case we have is when <A, B> coincides with the product set AB = {ab|a ∈ A, b ∈ B}. It is well known that this holds if and only if AB = BA. Two subgroups A and B of a group G which have this property, are called permutable. A sufficient condition for the permutability of A and B is that A normalizes B (that is, a−1ba ∈ B for all a ∈ A, b ∈ B) or vice versa.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 1991

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