In different parts of the world, governments at all levels – from international bodies, to nations, to small communities – are recognizing the inherent rights of nature to exist, regenerate its vital cycles and be restored when damaged. With the increase in ‘rights of nature’ lawmaking comes the need to develop implementation structures that will advance and track the law’s success in protecting and enhancing environmental well-being. These structures necessarily include standards, including science-based standards that help assess progress toward ‘healthy’ ecosystems and species populations. This chapter introduces the concept of nature’s rights, compares the different ways these rights are expressed in different legal provisions, identifies the nascent standards that are emerging in different contexts, analyses various challenges facing the development of rights of nature standards, and discusses next steps for developing science-based standards for measuring the well-being of nature.