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10 - Imaging

from Section 2 - Monitoring and imaging

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 December 2011

By
Jonathan P. Coles  and
David K. Menon
Edited by
Basil F. Matta ,
David K. Menon  and
Martin Smith
Basil F. Matta
Affiliation:
Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge
David K. Menon
Affiliation:
Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge
Martin Smith
Affiliation:
Department of Neuroanaesthesia and Neurocritical Care, the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals
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Summary

This chapter discusses the role of structural imaging using CT and MRI, conventional angiography and CT angiography, and physiological imaging using CT perfusion, 131Xenon CT, MRI and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) in the assessment, management and prediction of outcome neurological injury. Acute CT is useful in identifying those individuals in whom deterioration is as a result of a mass lesion and can demonstrate extradural, subdural or intracranial haemorrhage and midline shift, or subarachnoid haemorrhage and ventricular abnormality. Contrast-enhanced CT imaging is also used to produce CT angiography and perfusion imaging. MRI data are produced using powerful static magnetic fields and intermittent oscillating radiofrequency electromagnetic fields that elicit signals from the nuclei of certain atoms. Single-photon emission CT uses conventional gamma-emitting nuclear medicine isotopes with multiple detectors to generate tomographic images.
Type
Chapter
Information
Core Topics in Neuroanaesthesia and Neurointensive Care , pp. 128 - 146
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

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