Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Contributors
- Introduction
- PART I COPING WITH EXCLUSION: BEING EXCLUDED FOR WHO YOU ARE
- PART 2 COPING WITH EXCLUSION: BEING EXCLUDED FOR WHAT YOU THINK AND DO
- 6 Delinquents as a minority group: Accidental tourists in forbidden territory or voluntary emigrées?
- 7 Minority-group identification: Responses to discrimination when group membership is controllable
- 8 Coping with stigmatization: Smokers' reactions to antismoking campaigns
- 9 Terrorism as a tactic of minority influence
- 10 The stigma of racist activism
- 11 Why groups fall apart: A social psychological model of the schismatic process
- PART 3 COPING WITH INCLUSION
- Index
- References
9 - Terrorism as a tactic of minority influence
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 June 2012
Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Contributors
- Introduction
- PART I COPING WITH EXCLUSION: BEING EXCLUDED FOR WHO YOU ARE
- PART 2 COPING WITH EXCLUSION: BEING EXCLUDED FOR WHAT YOU THINK AND DO
- 6 Delinquents as a minority group: Accidental tourists in forbidden territory or voluntary emigrées?
- 7 Minority-group identification: Responses to discrimination when group membership is controllable
- 8 Coping with stigmatization: Smokers' reactions to antismoking campaigns
- 9 Terrorism as a tactic of minority influence
- 10 The stigma of racist activism
- 11 Why groups fall apart: A social psychological model of the schismatic process
- PART 3 COPING WITH INCLUSION
- Index
- References
Summary
Since the late 1970s, the topic of minority influence has constituted an important research issue for social psychologists. Introduced by Serge Moscovici's seminal papers (Moscovici, 1980, 1985), minority influence research exemplified minority influence in that it innovated and deviated from the tendency to view social influence phenomena predominantly from the majority's perspective.
As Moscovici aptly noted, majority influence serves to preserve existing knowledge (by which we mean widely received views or shared realities) whereas new knowledge, germinating as it typically does in the mind of one person or in the discussions of a small group of people, presupposes the influence of a minority on a dominant majority. The typical metaphor for much minority influence research was nonviolent influence by the minority through socially sanctioned means, such as debates, publications, media appearances, lawful protests, and licensed public demonstrations. The prototypical cases of minority influence phenomena were innovations in science and technology, minority-prompted change in political attitudes, and shifts in the world of fashion, and so on.
But in the past several decades, a very different type of influence tactic has captivated the world's attention and mobilized the resources of nations; it goes by the name of “terrorism” and is considered by many the scourge of our times. Many different definitions of terrorism have been proposed over the years (Schmid & Jongman, 1988).
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Coping with Minority StatusResponses to Exclusion and Inclusion, pp. 202 - 221Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2009
References
(2001). Social influence, social identity, and ingroup leniency. In & (Eds.), Group consensus and minority influence: Implications for innovation (pp. 122–143). Oxford, UK: Blackwell.Google Scholar
(1978). Revolutionary Terrorism: The FLN in Algeria 1945–1962. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution.Google Scholar
(1990/1998). Questions to be answered, research to be done, knowledge to be applied. In (Ed.), Origins of terrorism: Psychologies, ideologies, theologies, states of mind (pp. 247–260). Washington, DC: Woodrow Wilson Center Press.Google Scholar
(1985). Power in numbers: The political strategy of protest and rebellion. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
(1979). Child terror victims and adult terrorists. Journal of Psychohistory, 1, 71–75.Google Scholar
(2005). The world is flat, a brief history of the 21st century. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.Google Scholar
(2005). The counter-terrorism puzzle: A guide for decision makers. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.Google Scholar
(2003). A documentary history of the American years 1890–1901. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar
(1990/1998). Terrorism in democracies: Its social and political bases. In (Ed.), Origins of terrorism: Psychologies, ideologies, theologies, states of mind (p. 94). Washington, DC: Woodrow Wilson Center Press.Google Scholar
, & (2006). When morality opposes justice: Conservatives have moral intuitions that liberals may not recognize. Second draft of invited submission to special issue of Social Justice Research on emotions and justice.
, & (1996). Shared reality: How social verification makes the subjective objective. In & (Eds.), Handbook of motivation and cognition: The interpersonal context (Vol. 3, pp. 28–77). New York: Guilford.Google Scholar
(1972). The concept of revolutionary terrorism. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 16, 383–396.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, & (2006). Terrorism between “syndrome” and “tool.”Current Directions in Psychological Science, 15, 45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , , , , , , et al. (2005) Says who?: Epistemic authority effects in social judgment. In (Ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 36, 345–418.CrossRef
(2004). Psychological issues in understanding terrorism and the response to terrorism. In (Ed.), The psychology of terrorism (pp. 36–37). Danbury, CT: Greenwood Publishing.Google Scholar
(1980). Toward a theory of conversion behavior. In (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 13, pp. 209–239). New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
(1985). Social influence and conformity. In & (Eds.), Handbook of social psychology (3rd ed., Vol. 2, pp. 347–412) New York: Random House.Google Scholar
, & (1976). Studies in social influence III: Majority versus minority influence in a group, European Journal of Social Psychology, 6, 149–174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(1885, July 25). Action as propaganda. Freiheit. Retrieved from: http://dwardmac.pitzer.edu/Anarchist_Archives//bright/most/actionprop.html
. (2003). Bin Laden's Sermon for the Feast of the Sacrifice. Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI). Retrieved from http://www.memri.org/bin/articles.cgi?Area=jihad&ID=SP47603#
(2005). Dying to win, the strategic logic of suicide terrorism. New York: Random House.Google Scholar
, , & (1995). Where is the causality: A comment on Clark. (1990). European Journal of Social Psychology, 25, 703–710.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(1998, May 13). LTTE leader on Sri Lanka's Military Campaign. Speech released by International Secretariat of LTTE, London, U.K. Retrieved from www.eelamweb.com
(2000, September 28). Is the PKK in Turkey on the ropes? E-Notes. Retrieved from http://www.fpri.org/enotes/balkansturkey.19990928.radu.pkkontheropes.htm
(2005, November 4). Al-Arabiya TV talk show. Translation retrieved from http://www.intelligence.org.il/eng/eng_n/pa_E.htm
, & (1988). Political terrorism: A guide to actors, authors, concepts, data basis, theories and literature. Amsterdam: Transaction Books.Google Scholar
(2001, November 3). Ramadan Shallah Interview. BBC Summary of World Broadcasts.
, & (2001). Politicized collective identity: A social psychological analysis. American Psychologist, 56, 319–331.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
(2005). Understanding suicide terrorism: Countering human bombs and their senders. In & (Eds.), Topics in terrorism: Toward a transatlantic consensus on the nature of the threat (Vol. I, pp. 1–23). Washington, DC: Atlantic Council Publication.Google Scholar
, & (2006). Black widows: The Chechen female suicide terrorists. In (Eds.), Female suicide terrorists 2006 (pp. 63–80). Tel Aviv: Jaffe Center Publication.Google Scholar
(1990). The psychopolitical formation of extreme left terrorism in a democracy: The case of the Weathermen. In (Ed.), Origins of terrorism: Psychologies, ideologies, theologies, states of mind (pp. 65–85). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
(2000). Persuasion and social influence. Annual Review of Psychology, 51, 539–570.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
- 2
- Cited by