The rewilding concept was born only about 20 years ago as large-scale conservation based on core protected areas linked by corridors, within which top-order predators have been restored. The original vision of rewilding has become somewhat blurred amongst a plethora of projects branding themselves as rewilding. Broadly two types of rewilding can be recognised: trophic rewilding, entailing the active restoration of key species, and passive rewilding, the spontaneous and undirected return of vegetation and ecological processes. Conservation translocations, in the form of reintroduction and ecological replacement, are a key component of trophic rewilding, with the prevalence of reintroductions in rewilding projects increasing in recent years. Trophic rewilding is therefore the intersection between rewilding, conservation translocations, and ecological restoration, where reintroduction or ecological replacement of key species is used to restore lost ecological functions.