Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-8bljj Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-22T01:40:37.904Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

6 - Brick Sizes and Architectural Regularities at Neolithic Çatalhöyük

from Part II - Higher Levels of Consciousness

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 February 2020

Ian Hodder
Affiliation:
Stanford University, California
Get access

Summary

Central Anatolian Çatalhöyük (ca. 7,100–5,950 cal. BCE) is a rare example of a well-preserved Neolithic settlement that is considered one of the key sites for understanding changes in prehistoric ways of life, from the domestication of cattle and the adoption of a settled way of living, to the invention of pottery and metallurgy, and the appearance of long-distance trade (Hodder 2007; Hodder & Farid 2014). It is also an optimal site for the study of mudbrick architecture because of its continual habitation sequence, as well as the extensive exposure of architectural remains. This deeply stratified sequence, with houses built one upon another, provides a unique opportunity to document temporal changes both within and between the houses through all the main occupational phases spanning in total over 1,100 years.

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Arnold, D., 1991. Building in Egypt: Pharaonic Stone Masonry. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Barański, M. Z., 2014. Late Neolithic Architecture. In Çatalhöyük 2014 Archive Report, www.catalhoyuk.com/downloads/Archive_Report_2014.pdf, 194–202.Google Scholar
Barański, M. Z., 2017. Późnoneolityczna architektura Çatalhöyük, Turcja: kontynuacja i zmiana u schyłku 7. tysiąclecia p.n.e. (Late Neolithic Architecture at Çatalhöyük: Continuity and Change at the End of 7th Millennium BC). Unpublished doctoral thesis, defended February 2018 at Gdańsk University of Technology in Gdańsk, Poland.Google Scholar
Barański, M. Z., García-Suárez, A., Klimowicz, A., Love, S., Pawłowska, K., 2015. Complexity in Apparent Simplicity: The Architecture of Neolithic Çatalhöyük as a Process. In Hodder, I., Marciniak, A. (eds.), Assembling Çatalhöyük. Leeds: Maney Publishing, 111126.Google Scholar
Boyer, P., Roberts, N., Baird, D., 2006. Holocene Environment and Settlement on the Çarşamba Alluvial Fan, South Central Turkey: Integrating Geoarchaeology and Archaeological Field Survey. Geoarchaeology 21 (7), 675698.Google Scholar
Broadbent, S. R., 1956. Examination of a Quantum Hypothesis Based on a Single Set of Data. Biometrika 43, 3244.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Çankaya, E., Fieller, N. R. J., 2008. Quantal Models: A Review with Additional Methodological Development. Journal of Applied Statistics, 1–16.Google Scholar
Cessford, C., 2005. Estimating the Neolithic Population at Çatalhöyük. In Hodder, I. (ed.), Inhabiting Çatalhöyük: Reports from the 1995–99 Seasons. Cambridge, UK: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research/London: British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara, 323326.Google Scholar
Cessford, C., 2007. Building 1. In Hodder, I. (ed.), Excavating Çatalhöyük: South, North and KOPAL Area Reports from the 1995–99 Seasons. Cambridge, UK: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research/London: British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara, 405530.Google Scholar
Clagett, M., 1999. Ancient Egyptian Science: A Source Book, Vol. III: Ancient Egyptian Mathematics. Memoirs of the APS, Vol. 232. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society.Google Scholar
Dantzig, T., 1930. Number: The Language of Science. London: Macmillan Company.Google Scholar
de Garis Davis, N., 1935. Paintings from the Tomb of Rekh-mi-Rē at Thebes. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art Egyptian Expedition Publications.Google Scholar
de Garis Davis, N., 1943. The Tomb of Rekh-Mi-Rē at Thebes, (t. I-II). New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art Egyptian Expedition Publications.Google Scholar
Doherty, C., 2013. Sourcing Çatalhöyük’s Clay. In Hodder, I. (ed.), Substantive Technologies at Çatalhöyük: Reports from the 2000–2008 Seasons. London: British Institute at Ankara/Los Angeles, CA: Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press, 5166.Google Scholar
Drągowski, A., 2010. Charakterystyka i klasyfikacja gruntów antropogenicznych (Characteristics and Classification of Anthropogenic Soils). Przegląd Geologiczny 58 (9/2), 868872.Google Scholar
Düring, B. S., 2001. Social Dimensions in the Architecture of Neolithic Çatalhöyük. Anatolian Studies 51, 118.Google Scholar
Englebach, C., 1930. Ancient Egyptian Construction and Architecture. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications.Google Scholar
Farid, S., 2014. Timelines: Phasing Neolithic Çatalhöyük. In Hodder, I. (ed.), Çatalhöyük Excavations: The 2000–2008 Seasons. London: British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara/Los Angeles, CA: Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press, 91130.Google Scholar
Giddens, A., 1984. The Constitution of Society: Outline of the Theory of Structuration. Oakland: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Hillson, S. W., Spencer, Lasen C., Boz, B., Pilloud, M. A., Sadvari, J. W., Agarwal, S. C., Glencross, B., Beauchesne, P., Pearson, J. A., Ruff, C. B., Garofalo, E. M., Hager, L. D., Haddow, S. D., 2013. The Human Remains I: Interpreting Community Structure, Health and Diet in Neolithic Çatalhöyük. In Hodder, I. (ed.), Humans and Landscapes of Çatalhöyük: Reports from the 2000–2008 Seasons. London: British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara/Los Angeles, CA: Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press, 339396.Google Scholar
Hodder, I., 2007. Çatalhöyük in the Context of the Middle Eastern Neolithic. Annual Review of Anthropology 36: 105120.Google Scholar
Hodder, I., Farid, S., 2014. Questions, History of Work and Summary of Results. In Hodder, I. (ed.), Çatalhöyük Excavations: The 2000–2008 Seasons. London: British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara/Los Angeles, CA: Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press, 134.Google Scholar
Houben, H., Guillaud, H., 1994. Earth Construction: A Comprehensive Guide. Ann Arbor, MI: Intermediate Technology Publications.Google Scholar
Høyrup, J., 1994. Babylonian Mathematics. In Grattan-Guinness, I. (ed.), Companion Encyclopedia for the History and Philosophy of the Mathematical Sciences (vol. I). Abingdon, UK: Routledge, 2129.Google Scholar
Ifrah, G., 2000. The Universal History of Numbers: From Prehistory to the Invention of the Computer. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. (First published in France with the title: Histoire universelle des chiffres by Editions Robert Laffont, Paris, in 1994)Google Scholar
Iwata, S., 2008. Weights and Measures in the Indus Valley. In Selin, H. (ed.), Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures (2nd ed.). New York: Springer, 22542255.Google Scholar
Kendall, D. G., 1974. Hunting Quanta. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London A 276, 231266.Google Scholar
Kenoyer, J. M., 2006. Indus Valley Civilization. In Wolpert, S. (ed.), Encyclopedia of India (vol. 2). Farmington Hills, MI: Thomson Gale, 258266.Google Scholar
Kenoyer, J. M., 2010. Measuring the Harappan World: Insights into the Indus Order and Cosmology. In Morley, I. & Renfrew, C. (eds.), The Archaeology of Measurement: Comprehending Heaven, Earth and Time in Ancient Societies. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 106121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lepsius, R., 1865. Die Alt-Aegyptische Elle und Ihre Eintheilung. Berlin: Königlichen Akademie der Wissenchaften.Google Scholar
LeVeque, W. J. & Smith, D. E., 2017. Numerals and Numeral Systems. www.britannica.com/topic/numeralGoogle Scholar
Lippuner, R., Werlen, B., 2009. Structuration Theory. In Kitchin, R., Thrift, N. (eds.), International Encyclopedia for Human Geography. Amsterdam: Elsevier.Google Scholar
Love, S., 2010. How Houses Build People: An Archaeology of Mudbrick Houses from Çatalhöyük, Turkey. Unpublished PhD Thesis, Department of Anthropology, Stanford University.Google Scholar
Love, S., 2012. The Geoarchaeology of Mudbricks in Architecture: A Methodological Study from Çatalhöyük, Turkey. Geoarchaeology: An International Journal 27, 140156.Google Scholar
Love, S., 2013. An Archaeology of Mudbrick Houses from Çatalhöyük. In Hodder, I. (ed.), Substantive Technologies at Çatalhöyük: Reports from the 2000–2008 Seasons. London: British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara/Los Angeles, CA: Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press, 8196.Google Scholar
Marciniak, A., Czerniak, L., 2012. Çatalhöyük Unknown: The Late Sequence on the East Mound. In Matthews, R., Curtis, J. (eds.), Proceedings of the 7th International Congress on the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East. Volume I: Mega-Cities and Mega-Sites. The Archaeology of Consumption and Disposal, Landscape, Transport and Communication. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 316.Google Scholar
Matthews, W., Farid, S., 1996. Exploring the 1960’s Surface: The Stratigraphy of Çatalhöyük. In Hodder, I. (ed.), On the Surface: Çatalhöyük 1993–95. Cambridge, UK: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, 271300.Google Scholar
Matthews, W., French, C., Lawrence, T., Cutler, D., 1996. Multiple Surfaces: The Micromorphology. In Hodder, I. (ed.), On the Surface: Çatalhöyük 1993–95. Cambridge, UK: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, 301347.Google Scholar
Mellaart, J., 1967. Çatal Hüyük: A Neolithic Town in Anatolia. London: Thames & Hudson.Google Scholar
Mustonen, S., 2012. Hunting Multiple Quanta by Selective Least Squares. www.survo.fi/papers/HuntingQuanta2012.pdfGoogle Scholar
O’Connor, J. J., Robertson, E. F., 2003. The History of Measurement. www.history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/HistTopics/Measurement.html.Google Scholar
Özbaşaran, M., Duru, G., 2014. Istanbul (IST) Area of the East Mound. In Hodder, I. (ed.), Çatalhöyük Excavations: The 2000–2008 Seasons. London: British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara/Los Angeles, CA: Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press, 621658.Google Scholar
Parish, R., 1996. Luminescence Dating of Mud Brick from Çatalhöyük. In Hodder, I. (ed.), On the Surface: Çatalhöyük 1993–95. Cambridge, UK: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, 343344.Google Scholar
Petrie, W. M. F., 1926. Ancient Weights and Measures. British School of Archaeology in Egypt Series. London: University College, Department of Egyptology.Google Scholar
Powell, M. A., 1972. The Origin of the Sexagesimal System: The Interaction of Language and Writing. Visible Language 6: 518.Google Scholar
Powell, M. A., 1995. Metrology and Mathematics in Ancient Mesopotamia. In Sasson, J. M. (ed.), Civilizations of the Ancient Near East. New York: Scribner’s, 19411958.Google Scholar
Regan, R., 2014. The Sequence of Buildings 75, 65, 56, 69, 44 and 10 and External Spaces 119, 129, 130, 144, 299, 314, 319, 329, 333, 339, 367, 371 and 427. In Hodder, I. (ed.), Çatalhöyük Excavations: The 2000–2008 Seasons. London: British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara/Los Angeles, CA: Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press, 131189.Google Scholar
Rossi, C., 2007. Architecture and Mathematics in Ancient Egypt. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Rottländer, R. C. A., 1997. Die Entwicklung der Antiken Längeneinheiten aus der Nippur-Elle. PTB- Mitteilungen 107 (4): 247256.Google Scholar
Stevanović, M., 2013. New discoveries in House Construction at Çatalhöyük. In Hodder, I. (ed.), Substantive Technologies at Çatalhöyük: Reports from the 2000–2008 Seasons. London: British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara/Los Angeles, CA: Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press, 97114.Google Scholar
Stone, M. H., 2014. The Cubit: A History and Measurement Commentary. Journal of Anthropology, Vol. 2014 (489757): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/489757.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thom, A., 1955. A Statistical Examination of the Megalithic Sites in Britain. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society 118 (3), 275295.Google Scholar
Thom, A., 1962. The Megalithic Unit of Length. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society 125 (2), 243251.Google Scholar
Tung, B., 2013. Building with Mud: An Analysis of Architectural Materials at Çatalhöyük. In Hodder, I. (ed.), Substantive Technologies at Çatalhöyük: Reports from the 2000–2008 Seasons. London: British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara/Los Angeles, CA: Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press, 6780.Google Scholar
Whitelaw, I., 2007. A Measure of All Things: The Story of Man and Measurement. London: Macmillan.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×