Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Foreword – Anna Tibaijuka
- Foreword – Rajendra Kumar Pachauri
- Foreword – Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg
- Foreword – Jeffrey D. Sachs
- Preface
- Executive Summary
- Part I Introduction
- Part II Defining the risk framework
- Part III Urban sectors
- 4 Climate change and urban energy systems
- 5 Climate change, water, and wastewater in cities
- 6 Climate change and urban transportation systems
- 7 Climate change and human health in cities
- Part IV Cross-cutting issues
- Conclusion: Moving forward
- Appendix A City case studies and topics in vulnerability, adaptation and mitigation
- Appendix B Acronyms and abbreviations
- Appendix C Steering Group, ARC3 authors, and reviewers
- Index
- References
6 - Climate change and urban transportation systems
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 August 2012
Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Foreword – Anna Tibaijuka
- Foreword – Rajendra Kumar Pachauri
- Foreword – Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg
- Foreword – Jeffrey D. Sachs
- Preface
- Executive Summary
- Part I Introduction
- Part II Defining the risk framework
- Part III Urban sectors
- 4 Climate change and urban energy systems
- 5 Climate change, water, and wastewater in cities
- 6 Climate change and urban transportation systems
- 7 Climate change and human health in cities
- Part IV Cross-cutting issues
- Conclusion: Moving forward
- Appendix A City case studies and topics in vulnerability, adaptation and mitigation
- Appendix B Acronyms and abbreviations
- Appendix C Steering Group, ARC3 authors, and reviewers
- Index
- References
Summary
Introduction
Cities are key hubs of the transportation sector. According to the C40 Cities Climate Leadership group (www.C40Cities.org), cities contribute 75 percent of greenhouse gas emissions. Based on the IPCC assessments, “petroleum… supplies 95% of the total energy used by world transport. In 2004, transport was responsible for 23% of world energy-related GHG emissions with about three quarters coming from road vehicles” (Kahn-Ribeiro et al., 2007, p. 325). Conditions in developing countries pose additional challenges on transportation systems – demand far exceeds supply, particularly for the growing number of urban poor. For instance, the United Nations predicts: “by 2030, the towns and cities of the developing world will make up 80 percent of urban humanity” (UNFPA, 2007) p. 1. And in these developing country cities, transportation systems are already severely undersupplied. In addition, geographical location poses additional challenges. Nicholls et al. (2008) p. 8 estimate that, by 2070, the “top 10 cities in terms of population exposure to climate change (including environmental and socio-economic factors)” will be located in developing countries of south and east Asia. These cities have transportation systems that are currently navigating the challenges posed by mixed land use and a large proportion of the population living in poverty. In response to such diverse challenges posed by a changing climate to transportation systems, this chapter focuses on the construction and maintenance of the physical assets that account for the bulk of urban transportation investment and climate associated risks.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Climate Change and CitiesFirst Assessment Report of the Urban Climate Change Research Network, pp. 145 - 178Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2011
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