Including values as a central component of the study of public opinion was long overdue, and therefore their appearance in this volume is a cause for celebration. Of course, if values are defined broadly enough, public opinion researchers have been studying values for decades, if not centuries. Alexis de Tocqueville sampled the American public in the 1830s and analyzed Americans' distinctive values both as independent and as dependent variables. So did James Bryce a few decades later and Hector St. John de Crévecoeur a few decades earlier. Scholars using qualitative interviews and ethnographic techniques to explore values succeeded Europeans with notepads around the turn of the twentieth century (Hochschild, 1981; Lane, 1962; Lynd and Lynd, 1929; Warner, 1949), and they, in turn, were succeeded by survey researchers measuring the origins of authoritarianism or the importance of family ties in partisan identification (Adorno et al., 1950; Niemi and Weisberg, 1993, sections II and III).