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31 - Parrot Innovation

from Part VI - Innovation and Problem-Solving

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 July 2021

By
Theresa Rössler ,
Berenika Mioduszewska  and
Alice M. I. Auersperg
Edited by
Allison B. Kaufman ,
Josep Call  and
James C. Kaufman
Allison B. Kaufman
Affiliation:
University of Connecticut
Josep Call
Affiliation:
University of St Andrews, Scotland
James C. Kaufman
Affiliation:
University of Connecticut
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Summary

Parrots are sometimes referred to as "feathered apes,"` as they rival our closest relatives in many cognitive abilities. Similar to apes, they show a high propensity for innovative behaviour. Factors that were suggested to influence innovativeness are manifold. We discuss the various reasons why parrots might be particularly well-equipped to innovate. Many psittaciformes have ecological backgrounds that have been suggested to correlate with innovativeness, and recent neurological findings suggest a link between their brain anatomy and advanced cognitive abilities. The parrots’ beak has been described as a "multi-purpose tool" that allows them to employ a wide range of motoric interactions with different substrates, foods, or objects. Moreover, parrots generally approach novel situations with curiosity and caution, and explore in a haptic and playful manner, which presumably provides them with more opportunities to innovate. Studies on model species in innovative problem-solving, such as the kea and the Goffin’s cockatoos, highlight their sensitivity to changes in their environment and their ability to flexibly adjust to them. Multiple parrot species show tool innovations in captivity. However, controlled comparisons between captive and wild populations are still scarce. In summary, studying innovation in large-brained, non-primate models, such as parrots, will ultimately contribute to our understanding of the evolution of inventive minds.

Keywords

parrotspsittacinesinnovationproblem-solvingtool use
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Handbook of Animal Cognition , pp. 690 - 709
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

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