Acona, . 2004. Buying Your Way into Trouble? The Challenge of Responsible Supply Chain Management. London: Insight Investment Management.

Adams, Ronald. 2005. Fast food, obesity, and tort reform: an examination of industry responsibility for public health. Business and Society Review 110 (3): 297–320.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Aguilera, Ruth V., Rupp, Deborah E., Williams, Cynthia A., and Ganapathi, Jyoti. 2007. Putting the S back in corporate social responsibility: a multilevel theory of social change in organizations. Academy of Management Review 32 (3): 836–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Ahmad, Jaseem. 2006. From principles to practice: exploring corporate social responsibility in Pakistan. Journal of Corporate Citizenship (24): 115–29.Google Scholar

Akhurst, Mark, Morgheim, Jeff, and Lewis, Rachel. 2003. Greenhouse gas emissions trading in BP. Energy Policy 31 (7): 657–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Alt, James E., and Lassen, David Dreyer. 2006a. Fiscal transparency, political parties, and debt in OECD countries. European Economic Review 50 (6): 1403–39.Google Scholar

Alt, James E., and Lassen, David Dreyer. 2006b. Transparency, political polarization, and political budget cycles in OECD countries. American Journal of Political Science 50 (3): 530–50.Google Scholar

Amaeshi, Kenneth, and Adi, Bongo. 2007. Reconstructing the corporate social responsibility construct in Utlish. Business Ethics: A European Review 16 (1): 3–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Amaeshi, Kenneth, Adi, Bongo, Ogbechie, Chris, and Amao, Olufemi. 2006. Corporate social responsibility in Nigeria: Western mimicry or indigenous influences?Journal of Corporate Citizenship (24): 83–99.Google Scholar

Amaeshi, Kenneth, and Crane, Andrew. 2006. Stakeholder engagement: a mechanism for sustainable aviation. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management 13 (5): 245–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Andriof, Jörg, and Waddock, Sandra. 2002. Unfolding stakeholder engagement. In Unfolding Stakeholder Thinking: Theory, Responsibility and Engagement, ed. Andriof, J., Waddock, S., Husted, B. and Rahman, S. S.. Sheffield: Greenleaf, 19–42.

,Anonymous. 1997. BP at war. The Economist, 19 July, 32–4.Google Scholar

,Anonymous 2001. Nigeria and Shell – helping, but not developing. The Economist, 12 May.

Aslaksen, Iulie, and Synnestvedt, Terje. 2003. Ethical investment and the incentives for corporate environmental protection and social responsibility. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management 10 (4): 212–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Austin, D., and Sauer, A.. 2002. Changing Oil: Emerging Environmental Risks and Shareholder Value in the Oil and Gas Industry. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute.

Baena, César E. 1999. The Policy Process in a Petro-State – An Analysis of PDVSA's Internationalisation Strategy. Aldershot: Ashgate.

Bansal, Pratima. 2005. Evolving sustainably: a longitudinal study of corporate sustainable development. Strategic Management Journal 26 (3): 197–218.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Baron, David P. 2001. Private politics, corporate social responsibility and integrated strategy. Journal of Economics & Management Strategy 10: 7–45.Google Scholar

Baron, David P. 2007. Corporate social responsibility and social entrepreneurship. Journal of Economics & Management Strategy 16 (3): 683–717.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Barrientos, Stephanie, and Smith, Sally. 2007. Do workers benefit from ethical trade? Assessing codes of labour practice in global production systems. Third World Quarterly 28 (4): 713–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Baskin, Jeremy. 2006. Corporate Responsibility in emerging markets. Journal of Corporate Citizenship 24: 29–47.Google Scholar

Bell, Joseph, Faria, Teresa, Humphreys, Macartan, Rosenblum, Peter and Sandbu, Martin E.. 2004. Sao Tome and Principe Oil Revenue Management Law – Oil-Revenue Management Team of the Columbia University Consulting Group to H.E. The President of Sao Tome and Principe. New York: The Earth Institute, Center on Globalization and Sustainable Development, Columbia University.

Bendell, Jem, ed. 2000. Terms for Endearment – Business, NGOs and Sustainable Development. Sheffield: Greenleaf.

Bennett, Craig, and Burley, Helen. 2005. Corporate accountability: an NGO perspective. In Research Handbook on Corporate Legal Responsibility, ed. Tully, S.. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 372–94.

Besley, Timothy, and Prat, Andrea. 2006. Handcuffs for the grabbing hand? Media capture and government accountability. American Economic Review 96 (3): 720–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bhatnagar, Smita, and Cohen, Mark A.. 1997. The Impact of Environmental Regulation on Innovation: A Panel Data Study. Nashville, TN: Owen Graduate School of Management, Vanderbilt University.

Bielak, Debby, Bonini, Sheila and Oppenheim, Jeremy. 2007. CEOs on strategy and social issues. McKinsey Quarterly, October, available at www.mckinseyquarterly.com/strategy/ceos_on_strategy_and_social_issues_2056.

Blowfield, Michael. 2005. Corporate social responsibility: reinventing the meaning of development?International Affairs 81 (3): 515–24.Google Scholar

Blowfield, Michael. 2007. Reasons to be cheerful? What we know about CSR's impact. Third World Quarterly 28 (4): 683–96.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Blowfield, Michael, and George Frynas, Jedrzej. 2005. Editorial: setting new agendas – critical perspectives on corporate social responsibility in the developing world. International Affairs 81 (3): 499–513.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Blowfield, Michael, and Murray, Alan. 2008. Corporate Responsibility – A Critical Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Bonvin, Jean-Michel. 2007. Corporate social responsibility in a context of permanent restructuring: a case study from the Swiss metalworking sector. Corporate Governance: An International Review 15 (1): 36–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bowen, Michael G., and Power, F. Clark. 1993. The moral manager: communicative ethics and the Exxon Valdez disaster. Business Ethics Quarterly 3 (2): 97–115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bowie, Norman. 1998. A Kantian theory of capitalism. Business Ethics Quarterly 1 (1): 37–60.Google Scholar

Bremmers, Harry, Omta, Onno, Kemp, Ron, and Haverkamp, Derk-Jan. 2007. Do stakeholder groups influence environmental management system development in the Dutch agri-food sector?Business Strategy and the Environment 16: 214–31.Google Scholar

Brower, Derek. 2007. Back to petroleum. Petroleum Economist, November, 6–7.Google Scholar

Campbell, John L. 2007. Why would corporations behave in socially responsible ways? An institutional theory of corporate social responsibility. Academy of Management Review 32 (3): 946–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Carroll, Archie B. 1991. The pyramid of corporate social responsibility: Toward the moral management of organizational stakeholders. Business Horizons 34 (4): 39–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Carroll, Archie B. 2004. Managing ethically with global stakeholders: a present and future challenge. Academy of Management Executive 18 (2): 114–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Cassel, Douglass. 2001. Human rights and business responsibilities in the global marketplace. Business Ethics Quarterly 11 (2): 261–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Catholic, Relief Services. 2003. Bottom of the Barrel – Africa's Oil Boom and the Poor. Baltimore, MD: Catholic Relief Services.

,Centre for Civic Initiatives, Committee for the Protection of Oil Workers Rights, CEE Bankwatch Network, Green Alternative, Kurdish Human Rights Project, PLATFORM and Urgewald. 2005. Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan Oil Pipeline: Human Rights, Social and Environmental Impacts (Georgia Section) – Final Report of Fact Finding Mission 16–18 September 2005. Baku: Centre for Civic Initiatives and six other organisations.

Chan, Anita. 2005. Recent trends in Chinese labour issues: signs of change. China Perspectives 57: 23–31.Google Scholar

Chen, Matthew E. 2007. National Oil Companies and Corporate Citizenship: A Survey of Transnational Policy and Practice. Houston, TX: The James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy, Rice University.

Aid, Christian. 2004. Behind the Mask: The Real Face of Corporate Social Responsibility. London: Christian Aid.

Ciulla, Joanne B. 1991. Why is business talking about ethics? Reflections on foreign conversations. California Management Review 34 (1): 67–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Clark, Ann Marie. 1995. Non-governmental organizations and their influence on international society. Journal of International Affairs 48 (2): 507–25.Google Scholar

Clark, R. B., ed. 1982. The Long-term Effects of Oil Pollution on Marine Populations, Communities and Ecosystems. London: The Royal Society.

Clarkson, M. B. E. 1995. A stakeholder framework for analyzing and evaluating corporate social performance. Academy of Management Review 20: 92–117.Google Scholar

Collier, Paul, and Hoeffler, Anke. 1998. On the economic causes of civil war. Oxford Economic Papers 50: 563–73.Google Scholar

Collier, Paul, and Hoeffler, Anke 2000. Greed and Grievance in Civil War. Policy Research Working Paper 2355. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Colvin, Geoff. 2007. The defiant one. Fortune, 30 April.

Cordato, Roy. 2004. Toward an Austrian theory of environmental economics. Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics 7 (1): 3–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Corden, W. M. 1984. Booming sector and Dutch disease economics: survey and consolidation. Oxford Economic Papers 36: 359–80.Google Scholar

Crane, Andrew. 2000. Facing the backlash: green marketing and strategic reorientation in the 1990s. Journal of Strategic Marketing 8 (3): 277–96.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Cresswell, Jeremy. 2008. The power of the NOCs. World Oil (May): 135–41.Google Scholar

Davis, Ann, Efrati, Amir, Dalton, Matthew and Chazan, Guy. 2007. BP settles charges, submits to watchdogs. Wall Street Journal, 26 October, A3.Google Scholar

Deakin, Simon, and Hobbs, Richard. 2007. False dawn for CSR? Shifts in regulatory policy and the response of the corporate and financial sectors in Britain. Corporate Governance: An International Review 15 (1): 68–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

,Department for International Development. 2001. Socially Responsible Business Team Strategy: April 2001–March 2004. London: DfID.

DesJardins, Joe. 1998. Corporate environmental responsibility. Journal of Business Ethics 17 (8): 825–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

DiMaggio, P. J., and Powell, W. W.. 1983. The iron cage revisited: institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields. American Sociological Review 48: 147–60.Google Scholar

Dixon, Sarah E. A., and Clifford, Anne. 2007. Ecopreneurship – a new approach to managing the triple bottom line. Journal of Organizational Change Management 20 (3): 326–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Doh, Jonathan P., and Guay, Terrence R.. 2006. Corporate social responsibility, public policy, and NGO activism in Europe and the United States: an institutional-stakeholder perspective. Journal of Management Studies 43 (1): 47–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Donaldson, L., and Davis, J. H.. 1991. Stewardship theory or agency theory: CEO governance and shareholder returns. Australian Journal of Management 16: 49–64.Google Scholar

Donaldson, Thomas, and Preston, Lee E.. 1995. The stakeholder theory of the corporation: Concepts, evidence, and implications. Academy of Management Review 20 (1): 65–91.Google Scholar

Drumwright, Minette E. 1994. Socially responsible organizational buying: environmental concern as a noneconomic buying criterion. Journal of Marketing 58 (3): 1–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Economist, Intelligence Unit. 2006. Country Profile 2006 – Azerbaijan. London: Economist Intelligence Unit.

Elbadawi, Ibrahim, and Sambanis, Nicholas. 2000. Why are there so many civil wars in Africa? Understanding and preventing violent conflict. Journal of African Economies 9 (3): 244–69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Ellerman, D. 2001. Helping People Help Themselves: Toward a Theory of Autonomy-compatible Help. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Emmelhainz, Margaret A., and Adams, Ronald J.. 1999. The apparel industry response to ‘sweatshop’ concerns: a review and analysis of codes of conduct. Journal of Supply Chain Management 35 (3): 51–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Britannica, Encyclopedia. 2004. Encyclopedia Britannica: Year in Review 2003. Chicago, IL: Encyclopedia Britannica.

Estrada, Javier, Tangen, Kristian and Ole Bergesen, Helge. 1997. Environmental Challenges Confronting the Oil Industry. New York: Wiley.

,European Social Investment Forum. 2006. 2006 European SRI Study. Paris: Eurosif-European Social Investment Forum.

Faber, Malte, Proops, John, Speck, Stefan and Jöst, Frank. 1999. Capital and Time in Ecological Economics: Neo-Austrian Modelling. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

Fabig, Heike, and Boele, Richard. 1999. The changing nature of NGO activity in a globalizing world: pushing the corporate responsibility agenda. IDS Bulletin 30 (3): 58–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Fig, David. 2005. Manufacturing amnesia: CSR in South Africa. International Affairs 81 (3): 599–619.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Freeman, Bennett. 2001. Drilling for common ground. Foreign Policy (July/August): 50.Google Scholar

Freeman, Richard E. 1984. Strategic Management – A Stakeholder Approach. Boston: Pitman.

Freeman, Richard E. 1994. The politics of stakeholder theory: some future directions. Business Ethics Quarterly 4 (4): 409–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Freeman, Richard E. and Reed, David. 1983. Stockholders and stakeholders: a new perspective on corporate governance. California Management Review 25 (3): 88–106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Friedman, Milton. 1962. Capitalism and Freedom. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Frynas, Jedrzej George. 1998. Political instability and business: focus on Shell in Nigeria. Third World Quarterly 19 (3): 457–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Frynas, Jedrzej George. 2000. Oil in Nigeria: Conflict and Litigation between Oil Companies and Village Communities. Münster/Hamburg: LIT.

Frynas, Jedrzej George. 2001. Corporate and state responses to anti-oil protests in the Niger Delta. African Affairs 100: 27–54.Google Scholar

Frynas, Jedrzej George. 2003a. Global monitor: Royal Dutch/Shell. New Political Economy 8 (2): 275–85.Google Scholar

Frynas, Jedrzej George. 2003b. The transnational garment industry in South and South-East Asia. In Transnational Corporations and Human Rights, edited by Frynas, J. G. and Pegg, S.. Basingstoke: Palgrave, 162–87.

Frynas, Jedrzej George. 2004. The oil boom in Equatorial Guinea. African Affairs 103 (413): 527–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Frynas, Jedrzej George. 2005. The false developmental promise of corporate social responsibility: evidence from multinational oil companies. International Affairs 81 (3): 581–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Frynas, Jedrzej George. 2006. Editorial: corporate social responsibility in emerging economies. Journal of Corporate Citizenship (24): 16–19.Google Scholar

Frynas, Jedrzej George. 2008. Corporate social responsibility and international development: critical assessment. Corporate Governance: An International Review 16 (4): 274–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Frynas, Jedrzej George, Mellahi, Kamel, and Pigman, Geoffrey. 2006. First mover advantages in international business and firm-specific political resources. Strategic Management Journal 27: 321–45.Google Scholar

Frynas, Jedrzej George, and Paulo, Manuel. 2007. A new scramble for African oil? Historical, political, and business perspectives. African Affairs 106 (423): 229–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Frynas, Jedrzej George and Wood, Geoffrey. 2001. Oil and war in Angola. Review of African Political Economy 28 (90): 587–606.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Gelb, Alanet al. 1988. Oil Windfalls: Blessing or curse. New York: Oxford University Press.

Gelos, Gaston, and Wei, Shang-Jin. 2005. Transparency and international portfolio holdings. Journal of Finance 60 (6): 2987–3020.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Getz, Kathleen A. 1993. Selecting corporate political tactics. In Corporate Political Agency: The Construction of Competition in Public Affairs, edited by Mitnick, B. M.. Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 242–73.

Glennerster, Rachel, and Shin, Yongseok. 2003. Is Transparency Good for You, and Can the IMF Help?Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund.

Witness, Global. 2004. Time for Transparency – Coming Clean on Oil, Mining and Gas Revenues. London: Global Witness.

Gould, John A. and Winters, Matthew S.. 2007. An obsolescing bargain in Chad: shifts in leverage between the government and the World Bank. Business and Politics 9 (2): 1–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Gouldson, Andy and Sullivan, Rory. 2007. Corporate environmentalism: tracing the links between policies and performance using corporate reports and public registers. Business Strategy and the Environment 16 (1): 1–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Graafland, Johan J. 2002. Sourcing ethics in the textile sector: the case of C&A. Business Ethics: A European Review 11 (3): 282–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Gueterbock, Rob. 2004. Greenpeace campaign case study – StopEsso. Journal of Consumer Behaviour 3 (3): 265–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Gulbrandsen, Lars H. and Moe, Arild. 2005. Oil company CSR collaboration in ‘new’ petro-states. Journal of Corporate Citizenship (20): 1–12.Google Scholar

Gulbrandsen, Lars H., and Moe, Arild 2007. BP in Azerbaijan: a test case of the potential and limits of the CSR agenda?Third World Quarterly 28 (4): 813–30.Google Scholar

Gylfason, Thorvaldur. 2001. Natural resources, education and economic development. European Economic Review 45: 847–59.Google Scholar

Hamann, Ralph, Agbazue, Tagbo, Kapelus, Paul and Hein, Anders. 2005. Universalizing corporate social responsibility? South African challenges to the International Organization for Standardization's new social responsibility standard. Business and Society Review 110 (1): 1–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Hargreaves, Steve. 2008. BP, GM see hydrogen in their future. CNNMoney, 5 March.

Hart, S. 1995. A natural resource-based view of the firm. Academy of Management Review 20: 986–1014.Google Scholar

Henderson, Global Investors. 2005. The Carbon 100 – Quantifying the Carbon Emissions, Intensities and Exposures of the FTSE 100. London: Henderson Global Investors.

Henriques, Adrian. 2007. Corporate Truth – The Limits to Transparency. London: Earthscan.

Heywood, Andrew. 2002. Politics, 2nd edn. Houndmills: Palgrave.

Hill, C. W. L, and Jones, T. M.. 1992. Stakeholder-agency theory. Journal of Management Studies 29 (2): 131–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Hillman, Amy J., and Hitt, Michael A.. 1999. Corporate political strategy formulation: a model of approach, participation, and strategy decisions. Academy of Management Review 24 (4): 825–42.Google Scholar

Hoffman, Andrew. 2004. Winning the greenhouse gas game. Harvard Business Review 82 (4): 20–1.Google Scholar

Hojman, D. E. 2002. The political economy of Chile's fast economic growth: an Olsonian interpretation. Public Choice 111 (1/2): 155–78.Google Scholar

Hussain, Syed Salman. 1999. The ethics of ‘going green’: the corporate social responsibility debate. Business Strategy and the Environment 8 (4): 203–10.3.0.CO;2-I>CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Hyne, Norman J. 1995. Nontechnical Guide to Petroleum Geology, Exploration, Drilling and Production. Tulsa, OK: PennWell.

,Innovest, and Environment Agency. 2004. Corporate Environmental Governance: A Study into the Influence of Environmental Governance on Financial Performance. London: Environment Agency.

,International Council on Human Rights Policy. 2002. Beyond Voluntarism – Human Rights and the Developing International Legal Obligations of Companies. Geneva: International Council on Human Rights Policy.

,International Oil Pollution Compensation Funds, ed. 2004. The IOPC Funds' 25 Years of Compensating Victims of Oil Pollution Incidents. London: International Oil Pollution Compensation Funds.

,IPIECA, OGP and UNEP. 2002. Industry As a Partner for Sustainable Development – Oil and Gas. London: International Petroleum Industry Environmental Conservation Association, International Association of Oil and Gas Producers and United Nations Environment Programme.

James, Tom. 2006. Oil risk management. Seminar presentation given at Middlesex University Business School, Department of Economics and Statistics, 8 November.

Jawahar, I. and McLaughlin, G.. 2001. Toward a descriptive stakeholder theory: an organizational life cycle approach. Academy of Management Review 26 (3): 397–414.Google Scholar

Jayne, Michael Ross and Skerratt, Glynn. 2003. Socially responsible investment in the UK – criteria that are used to evaluate suitability. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management 10 (1): 1–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Jenkins, Rhys. 2005. Globalization, corporate social responsibility and poverty. International Affairs 81 (3): 525–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Jenkins, Rhys, Pearson, Ruth and Seyfang, Gill, eds. 2002. Corporate Responsibility and Labour Rights: Codes of Conduct in the Global Economy. London: Earthscan.

Jennings, P. and Zandbergen, P.. 1995. Ecologically sustainable organizations: an institutional approach. Academy of Management Review 20: 1015–52.Google Scholar

Jones, Meredith, Marshall, Shelley and Mitchell, Richard. 2007. Corporate social responsibility and the management of labour in two Australian mining industry companies. Corporate Governance: An International Review 15 (1): 57–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Kamp, Annette and Hagedorn-Rasmussen, Peter. 2004. Diversity management in a Danish context: towards a multicultural or segregated working life. Economic and Industrial Democracy 25 (4): 525–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Karl, Terry L. 1997. The Paradox of Plenty: Oil Booms and Petro-States. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Karl, Terry L. 2005. Understanding the resource curse. In Covering Oil, ed. Tsalik, S. and Schiffrin, A.. New York: Open Society Institute, 21–30.

Keen, David. 1998. The Economic Functions of Violence in Civil Wars. Adelphi Paper 320. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Keim, Gerald D. and Zeithaml, Carl P.. 1986. Corporate political strategy and legislative decision making: a review and contingency approach. Academy of Management Review 11 (4): 828–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Knight, W. D., Alagoa, N. C. and Kemedi, D.. 2000. Akassa: a new approach to the problems of the Niger Delta. Paper read at SPE International Conference on Health, Safety and the Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production, 26–28 June, at Stavanger, Norway.

Knott, David. 1999. Improving viability of renewable energy beckons petroleum firms' investment. Oil & Gas Journal (13 December): 127–9.Google Scholar

Kojucharov, Nikola. 2007. Poverty, petroleum and policy intervention: lessons from the Chad–Cameroon Pipeline. Review of African Political Economy 34 (113): 477–96.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Kolk, Ans and Tulder, Rob. 2006. Poverty alleviation as business strategy? Evaluating commitments of frontrunner multinational corporations. World Development 34 (5): 789–801.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Kolk, Ans, Walhain, Seb and Wateringen, Susanne. 2001. Environmental reporting by the Fortune Global 250: exploring the influence of nationality and sector. Business Strategy and the Environment 10 (1): 15–28.3.0.CO;2-Y>CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Korhonen, Jouni. 2002. The dominant economics paradigm and corporate social responsibility. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management 9 (1): 67–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

,KPMG. 2005. International Survey of Corporate Responsibility Reporting. Amsterdam: University of Amsterdam and KPMG Global Sustainability Services.

Langtry, B. 1994. Stakeholders and the moral responsibilities of business. Business Ethics Quarterly 4: 431–43.Google Scholar

Lanjouw, Jean Olson and Mody, Ashoka. 1996. Innovation and the international diffusion of environmentally responsive technology. Research Policy 25: 549–71.Google Scholar

Leite, Carlos, and Weidmann, Jens. 1999. Does Mother Nature Corrupt? Natural Resources, Corruption and Economic Growth. Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund.

Levenstein, Charles, and Wooding, John. 2005. Introduction: oil and the contradictions of development. In Corporate Social Responsibility Failures in the Oil Industry, ed. Woolfson, C. and Beck, M.. Amityville, NY: Baywood, v–vii.

Levy, David L. and Kolk, Ans. 2002. Strategic responses to global climate change: conflicting pressures on multinationals in the oil industry. Business and Politics 4 (3): 275–300.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Lewin, Peter and Phelan, Steven E.. 1999. Firms, strategies, and resources: contributions from Austrian economics. Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics 2 (2): 3–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Lockett, Andy, Moon, Jeremy and Wisser, Wayne. 2006. Corporate social responsibility in management research: focus, nature, salience and sources of influence. Journal of Management Studies 43 (1): 115–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Lounsbury, Michael, Ventresca, Marc and Hirsch, Paul. 2003. Social movements, field frames and industry emergence: a cultural-political perspective on US recycling. Socio-Economic Review 1 (1): 71–104.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Macalister, Terry. 2007. Big oil lets sun set on renewables. Guardian, 11 December.

Macalister, Terry. 2008. BP hints at sale of alternative energy business. Guardian, 27 February.

MacDonald, Kate. 2007. Globalising justice within coffee supply chains? Fair Trade, Starbucks and the transformation of supply chain governance. Third World Quarterly 28 (4): 793–812.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

McGee, John. 1998. Commentary on ‘Corporate strategies and environmental regulations: an organizing framework’ by A. M. Rugman and A. Verbeke. Strategic Management Journal 19 (4): 377–87.3.0.CO;2-S>CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Mackey, Alison, Mackey, Tyson B. and Barney, Jay B.. 2007. Corporate social responsibility and firm performance: investor preferences and corporate strategies. Academy of Management Review 32 (3): 817–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

McKinsey, & Company. 2007. Assessing the Impact of Societal Issues: A McKinsey Global Survey, available at www.mckinseyquarterly.com/assessing_the_impact_of_societal_issues_a_mckinsey_global_survey_2077.

McLaren, Duncan. 2004. Global stakeholders: corporate accountability and investor engagement. Corporate Governance: An International Review 12 (2): 191–201.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

McWilliams, Abagail and Siegel, Donald S.. 2001. Corporate social responsibility: a theory of the firm perspective. Academy of Management Review 26: 117–27.Google Scholar

McWilliams, Abagail, Siegel, Donald S., and Wright, Patrick M.. 2006. Guest editors' introduction – corporate social responsibility: strategic implications. Journal of Management Studies 43 (1): 1–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

McWilliams, Abagail, Fleet, D. D. and Cory, K. D.. 2002. Raising rivals' costs through political strategy: an extension of resource-based theory. Journal of Management Studies 39 (5): 707–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Malone, Thomas W. 2004. Bringing the market inside. Harvard Business Review 82 (4): 106–14.Google Scholar

Marcel, Valerie and Mitchell, John V.. 2005. Oil Titans: National Oil Companies in the MiddleEast. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.

Margolis, Joshua D. and Walsh, James P.. 2003. Misery loves companies: rethinking social initiatives by business. Administrative Science Quarterly 48: 268–305.Google Scholar

Matten, Dirk and Crane, Andrew. 2005. Corporate citizenship: towards an extended theoretical conceptualization. Academy of Management Review 30 (1): 166–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Mensah, Thomas. 2004. The IOPC funds: how it all started. In The IOPC Funds' 25 Years of Compensating Victims of Oil Pollution Incidents. London: International Oil Pollution Compensation Funds, 45–9.

Messiant, Christine. 2001. The Eduardo dos Santos Foundation: or, how Angola's regime is taking over civil society. African Affairs 100: 287–309.Google Scholar

Meyer, J. W. and Rowan, B.. 1977. Institutionalized organizations: formal structure as myth and ceremony. American Journal of Sociology 83: 340–63.Google Scholar

Mises, Ludwig. 1940. Nationalökonomie – Theorie des Handelns und Wirtschaftens. Genf: Editions Union Genf.

Mises, Ludwig. 1963. Human Action, 3rd edn. Chicago: Yale University Press.

Mises, Ludwig. 1969. Theory and History: An Interpretation of Social and Economic Evolution. New York: Arlington House.

Mitchell, Ronald K., Agle, Bradley R. and Wood, Donna J.. 1997. Toward a theory of stakeholder identification and salience. Academy of Management Review 22: 853–86.Google Scholar

Mitnick, Barry M., ed. 1993. Corporate Political Agency: The Construction of Competition in Public Affairs. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

,MOL Group. 2007. Sustainable Development Report 2006. Budapest: MOL Group.

Moon, Jeremy. 2004. Government As a Driver of Corporate Social Responsibility: The UK in Comparative Perspective. ICCSR Research Papers Series 20–2004. Nottingham: International Centre for Corporate Social Responsibility, Nottingham University Business School.

Muttitt, Greg and Marriott, James. 2002. Some Common Concerns – Imagining BP's Azerbaijan–Georgia–Turkey Pipelines System. London: Platform.

Newell, Peter and George Frynas, Jedrzej. 2007. Beyond corporate social responsibility? Business, poverty and social justice. Third World Quarterly 28 (4): 669–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Newell, Peter and Muro, Ana. 2006. Corporate social and environmental responsibility in Argentina. Journal of Corporate Citizenship 24: 49–68.Google Scholar

Newell, Peter and Wheeler, Joanna. 2006. Rights, Resources and the Politics of Accountability. London: Zed Books.

Nicholls, Tom. 2007. Alternative realities. Petroleum Economist (March) 4–6.Google Scholar

North, D. C. and Thomas, R. P.. 1973. The Rise of the Western World: A New Economic History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

O'Dwyer, Brendan. 2005. The construction of a social account: a case study in an overseas aid agency. Accounting, Organizations and Society 30 (3): 279–96.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

,OECD. 2000. Improving the Effectiveness of Aid Systems: The Case of Mali. Paris: OECD.

Olander, Stefan. 2007. Stakeholder impact analysis in construction project management. Construction Management and Economics 25 (3): 277–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Olson, Mancur. 1965. The Logic of Collective Action – Public Goods and the Theory of Groups. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Owen, David L., Swift, Tracey A., Humphrey, Christopher and Bowerman, Mary. 2000. The new social audits: accountability, managerial capture or the agenda of social champions?European Accounting Review 9 (1): 81–98.Google Scholar

Paine, L., Deshpande, R., Margolis, J. D. and Bettcher, K. E.. 2005. Up to code: does your company's conduct meet world-class standards?Harvard Business Review 83 (12): 122–33.Google Scholar

Palazzo, Guido, and Richter, Ulf. 2005. CSR business as usual? The case of the tobacco industry. Journal of Business Ethics 61 (4): 387–401.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Parkinson, John. 1999. The socially responsible company. In Human Rights Standards and the Responsibility of Transnational Corporations, ed. Addo, M. K.. The Hague: Kluwer Law International, 49–62.

Pegg, Scott. 2003. An emerging market for the new millennium: transnational corporations and human rights. In Transnational Corporations and Human Rights, ed. Frynas, J. G. and Pegg, S.. London: Palgrave, 1–32.

Pegg, Scott. 2006. Can policy intervention beat the resource curse? Evidence from the Chad–Cameroon pipeline project. African Affairs 105 (418): 1–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Phillips, Robert A. 1997. Stakeholder theory and a principle of fairness. Business Ethics Quarterly 7 (1): 51–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Phillips, Robert A. 2003. Stakeholder Theory and Organizational Ethics. San Francisco, CA: Barrett-Koehler.

Phillips, Robert A. and Margolis, Joshua D.. 1999. Toward an ethics of organizations. Business Ethics Quarterly 9 (4): 619–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Porter, Michael E. 1991. America's green strategy. Scientific American 264: 168.Google Scholar

Porter, Michael E. and Kramer, Mark R.. 2006. Strategy and society – the link between competitive advantage and corporate social responsibility. Harvard Business Review (December): 78–92.Google Scholar

Porter, Michael E. and Linde, Claas. 1995. Green and competitive: ending the stalemate. Harvard Business Review 73 (5): 120–34.Google Scholar

Prasad, Ajit. 2005. CSR as Nash equilibrium. Journal of Management Research 5 (2): 59–71.Google Scholar

,Publish What You Pay and Revenue Watch Institute. 2006. Eye on EITI – Civil Society Perspectives and Recommendations on the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative. London/New York: Publish What You Pay and Revenue Watch Institute.

Raeburn, Paul. 1999. It's time to put the Valdez behind us. Business Week, 29 March.

Ray, Dennis M. 1972. Corporations and American foreign relations. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 403 (September): 80–92.Google Scholar

Reed, Stanley. 2007. The problem's not peak oil, it's politics. Business Week, 9 July.

Rice, David. 2002. Human rights strategies for corporations. Business Ethics: A European Review 11 (2): 134–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Rice, Tony and Owen, Paula. 1999. Decommissioning the Brent Spar. London: E & FN Spon.

Roberts, Peter W. and Eisenhardt, Kathleen M.. 2003. Austrian insights on strategic organization: from market insights to implications for firms. Strategic Organization 1 (3): 345–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Rose-Ackermann, Susan. 1999. Corruption and Government. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Ross, Michael L. 1999. The political economy of the resource curse. World Politics 51 (2): 297–322.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Ross, Michael L. 2001. Does oil hinder democracy?World Politics 53 (3): 325–61.Google Scholar

Rothbard, Murray N. 1962. Man, Economy, and State: A Treatise on Economic Principles, 2 vols. Princeton: D. Van Nostrand Company.

Rowlands, I. H. 2000. Beauty and the beast? BP's and Exxon's positions on global climate change. Environment and Planning C 18: 339–54.Google Scholar

Ruggie, John. 2007. Business and Human Rights: Mapping International Standards of Responsibility and Accountability for Corporate Acts – Report of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General (SRSG) on the Issue of Human Rights and Transnational Corporations and Other Business Enterprises. Geneva: United Nations.

Russo, Michael V. and Fouts, Paul A.. 1997. A resource-based perspective on corporate environmental performance and profitability. Academy of Management Journal 40 (3): 534–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Sachs, Jeffrey D. and Andrew, M. Warner. 1999. The big push, natural resource booms and growth. Journal of Development Economics 59 (1): 43–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Sachs, Jeffrey D., and Andrew, M. Warner. 2001. Natural resources and economic development: the curse of natural resources. European Economic Review 45: 827–38.Google Scholar

Saha, Monica and Darnton, Geoffrey. 2005. Green companies or green con-panies: are companies really green, or are they pretending to be?Business and Society Review 110 (2): 117–58.Google Scholar

Sarraf, Maria and Jiwanji, Moortaza. 2001. Beating the Resource Curse: The Case of Botswana. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Schattschneider, E. E. 1935. Politics, Pressures and the Tariff – A Study of Free Enterprise in Pressure Politics As Shown in the 1939–1930 Revision of the Tariff. New York: Prentice Hall.

Scholtens, Bert. 2006. Finance as a driver of corporate social responsibility. Journal of Business Ethics (68): 19–33.Google Scholar

Schumacher, E. F. 1973. Small Is Beautiful: Economics As If People Mattered. New York: Harper and Row.

Scott, Richard W. 2001. Institutions and Organizations, 2nd edn. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Screpanti, Ernesto and Zamagni, Stefano. 1993. An Outline of the History of Economic Thought. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Sekhar, R. C. 2002. Ethical Choices in Business. Delhi: Response Books.

Shaffer, Brian and Hillman, Amy J.. 2000. The development of business – government strategies by diversified firms. Strategic Management Journal 21 (2): 175–90.3.0.CO;2-L>CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Shankleman, Jill. 2006. Managing Natural Resource Wealth. Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace.

Sharma, Sanjay and Vredenburg, Harrie. 1998. Proactive corporate environmental strategy and the development of competitively valuable organizational capabilities. Strategic Management Journal 19 (8): 729–53.3.0.CO;2-4>CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Nigeria, Shell. 2007. Annual Report 2006 – People and the Environment. London: Shell Visual Media Services.

Shi, Min and Svensson, Jakob. 2002. Conditional Political Budget Cycles. Discussion Paper 3352. London: Centre for Economic Policy Research.

Shultz, Jim. 2004. Follow the Money – A Guide to Monitoring Budgets and Oil and Gas Revenues. New York: Open Society Institute.

Skjærseth, Jon Birger and Skodvin, Tora. 2003. Climate Change and the Oil Industry: Common Problem, Varying Strategies. Manchester/New York: Manchester University Press.

Skjærseth, Jon Birger, Tangen, Kristian, Swanson, Philip, Christer Christiansen, Atle, Moe, Arild and Lunde, Leiv. 2004. Limits to Corporate Social Responsibility: A Comparative Study of Four Major Oil Companies. Lysaker, Norway: Fridtjof Nansen Institute.

Smeltzer, Larry and Jennings, Marianne. 2006. Why an international code of business ethics would be good for business. Journal of Business Ethics 63 (2): 57–66.Google Scholar

Spar, Debora. 1998. The spotlight and the bottom line: how multinationals export human rights. Foreign Affairs 77 (2): 7–12.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Spear, Roger. 2006. Social entrepreneurship: a different model?International Journal of Social Economics 33 (5/6): 399–410.Google Scholar

Stark, Andrew. 1993. What's the matter with business ethics?Harvard Business Review 71 (3): 38–48.Google Scholar

Stevens, Paul. 2005. Resource curse and how to avoid it. Journal of Energy and Development 31 (1): 1–20.Google Scholar

Stoneley, Robert. 1995. Introduction to Petroleum Exploration for Non-geologists. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

,SustainAbility. 2001. Buried treasure: Uncovering the Business Case for Corporate Sustainability. London: SustainAbility and United Nations Environment Programme.

,SustainAbility. 2002. Developing Value: The Business Case for Sustainability in Emerging Markets. London: SustainAbility, International Finance Corporation and Ethos.

Svendsen, Ann C. and Laberge, Myriam. 2005. Convening stakeholder networks: a new way of thinking, being and engaging. Journal of Corporate Citizenship (19): 91–104.Google Scholar

Tallontire, Anne. 2007. Who regulates the agri-food chain? Towards a framework for understanding private standards initiatives. Third World Quarterly 28 (4): 775–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Tétreault, Mary Ann. 1995. The Kuwait Petroleum Corporation and the Economics of the New World Order. Westport, CT: Quorum.

Thompson-Feraru, A. 1974. Transnational political interests and the global environment. International Organization 28: 31–60.Google Scholar

Thornton, Philip. 2004. Exposed: BP, its pipeline, and an environmental timebomb. The Independent, 26 June, 1, 6.Google Scholar

,Transparency International. 2006. Global Corruption Report 2006. London: Pluto Press.

,Transparency International. 2008. Promoting Revenue Transparency – 2008 Report on Revenue Transparency of Oil and Gas Companies. Berlin: Transparency International.

Tsai, Philip C. F., Rosa Yeh, C., Wu, Shu-Ling and Huang, Ing-Chung. 2005. An empirical test of stakeholder influence strategy models: evidence from business downsizing in Taiwan. International Journal of Human Resource Management 16 (10): 1862–85.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

,United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. 2007. World Investment Report – Transnational Corporations, Extractive Industries and Development. New York and Geneva: United Nations.

,US Agency for International Development. 2003. The Global Development Alliance – Expanding the Impact of Foreign Assistance through Public-Private Alliances. Washington, DC: USAID.

Usui, N. 1996. Policy adjustments to the oil boom and their evaluation: the Dutch disease in Indonesia. World Development 24 (5): 887–900.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Utting, Peter. 2007. CSR and equality. Third World Quarterly 28 (4): 697–712.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Valiyev, Anar M. 2006. Parliamentary elections in Azerbaijan: a failed revolution. Problems of Post-Communism 53 (3): 17–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Linde, Claas. 1993. The microeconomic implication of environmental regulation: a preliminary framework. In Environmental Policies and Industrial Competitiveness. Paris: OECD, 69–77.

Dessel, J. P. 1995. The environmental situation in the Niger Delta. Internal position paper prepared for Greenpeace, Netherlands, February.

Vandewalle, Dirk. 1998. Libya since Independence – Oil and State-Building. New York: Cornell University Press.

Victor, David G. and Joshua, C. House. 2006. BP's emissions trading system. Energy Policy 34 (15): 2100–12.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Ward, Halina, and Smith, Craig. 2006. Corporate Social Responsibility at a Crossroads: Futures for CSR in the UK to 2015. London: International Institute for Environment and Development.

Warhurst, Alyson. 2001. Corporate citizenship and corporate social investment: drivers of tri-sector partnerships. Journal of Corporate Citizenship 1 (1): 57–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Warleigh, Alex. 2000. The hustle: citizenship practice, NGOs and ‘policy coalitions’ in the European Union – the cases of auto oil, drinking water and unit pricing. Journal of European Public Policy 7 (2): 229–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Welford, Richard. 2002. Globalization, corporate social responsibility and human rights. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management 9 (1): 1–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Wells, J. B., Perish, M. and Guimaraes, L.. 2001. Can oil and gas companies extend best operating practices to community development assistance programs? Paper read at SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, 17–19 April, at Jakarta, Indonesia.

Whelan, Glen. 2008. A Rational Austrian Foundation for Management and Organization Studies. ICCSR Research Paper Series 53. Nottingham: Nottingham University Business School.

White, Allen L. 2005. Fade, Integrate or Transform? The Future of CSR. San Francisco, CA: Business for Social Responsibility.

White, David and Jack, Andrew. 2005. UN envoy calls on multinationals to help in Aids fight. Financial Times, 2 December.

White, S. 2002. Oil pollution: clearing up the myths. Geography Review 15 (5): 16–20.Google Scholar

Whitley, Richard. 1999. Divergent Capitalisms: The Social Structuring and Change of Business Systems. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Wokutch, Richard E. 1990. Corporate social responsibility Japanese style. Academy of Management Executive 4 (2): 56–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Wood, Geoffrey and George Frynas, Jedrzej. 2006. The institutional basis of economic failure: anatomy of the segmented business system. Socio-Economic Review 4 (2): 239–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bank, World. 2003. Striking a Better Balance: The World Bank Group and Extractive Industries – Final Report of the Extractive Industries Review, vol. I. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Bank, World. 2004. Regulation of Associated Gas Flaring and Venting: A Global Overview and Lessons. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Bank, World. 2008. World Bank statement on Chad–Cameroon pipeline. Press release 2009/073/AFR, 9 September.

,World Commission on Environment and Development. 1987. Our Common Future. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Wright, P. and Ferris, S.. 1997. Agency conflict and corporate strategy: the effect of divestment on corporate value. Strategic Management Journal 18: 77–83.Google Scholar

Younger, S. 1992. Aid and the Dutch disease: macroeconomic management when everybody loves you. World Development 20 (11): 1587–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Zulkifli, Norhayah and Amran, Azlan. 2006. Realizing corporate social responsibility in Malaysia. Journal of Corporate Citizenship (24): 101–14.Google Scholar

Zyglidopoulos, Stelios C. 2002. The social and environmental responsibilities of multinationals: evidence from the Brent Spar case. Journal of Business Ethics 36 (1/2): 141–51.Google Scholar