The Chinese leadership announced the China Goes Global strategy (CGG) in 2000, an announcement followed by extensive publicity and mobilization campaigns inside the country. At the time, however, foreign observers were preoccupied with China’s pending admission to the World Trade Organization (WTO) and paid little attention to the CGG. It was only in the mid-2000s, when Chinese outbound investment rapidly increased, did the strategy begin to generate interest, debate, and serious discussion abroad. Scholarly research on China’s outbound investment has since adopted three approaches: the economic statecraft framework that underscores the Chinese government using economic means to achieve diplomatic goals; the state capitalism model that focuses on powerful SOEs shaping the country’s foreign policy for their own commercial interests; and finally, a world development approach that asks whether Chinese outgoing capital helps or hinders industrialization in underdeveloped regions.