American Civil Liberties Union. (2015). Black, brown, and targeted: A report on Boston Police Department street encounters from 2007–2010. Retrieved from https://aclum.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/reports-black-brown-and-targeted.pdf.Google Scholar

BlackLivesMatter. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://blacklivesmatter.com/about/herstory.Google Scholar

Canfield, S. (2017, October 30). Judge tosses injured cop’s claims against Black Lives Matter. Retrieved from www.courthousenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/MeKessonBLM.pdf.Google Scholar

Capelouto, S. (2014, December 8). Eric Garner: The haunting last words of a dying man. Retrieved from www.cnn.com/2014/12/04/us/garner-last-words/index.html.Google Scholar

Commonwealth v. Jimmy Warren. (2016). 475. Mass. 530.Google Scholar

Copple, J. E. (2017). Law enforcement recruitment in the 21st century: Forum proceedings. Washington, DC: Office of Community Oriented Policing Services.Google Scholar

Dalton, D. (2015, May 4). The three women behind the Black Lives Matter movement. Retrieved from http://madamenoire.com/528287/the-three-women-behind-the-black-lives-matter-movement/.Google Scholar

Enwemeka, Z. (2016, September 20). Mass. high court says Black men may have legitimate reason to flee police. WBUR News. Retrieved from www.wbur.org/news/2016/09/20/mass-high-court-black-men-may-have-legitimate-reason-to-flee-police.Google Scholar

Federal Bureau of Investigations (2017, August 3). Black identity extremist likely motivated to target law enforcement officers. Retrieved from https://info.publicintelligence.net/FBI-BlackIdentityExtremists.pdf.Google Scholar

Forbes. (2016). 124 police officers killed in the U.S. last year. Retrieved from www.statistica.com.Google Scholar

Hawkins, D. (2017, September, 29). Black Lives Matter cannot be sued by Louisiana police officer, federal judge rules. Retrieved from www.washigntonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2017/07/10/permanently-disabled-baton-rouge-officer-sues-black-lives-matter-for-2016-ambush-shooting/.Google Scholar

Hayes, C. (2017, December 28). Number of officers killed hits 2nd-lowest in more than 50 years. USA Today. Retrieved from www.usatoday.com/story/news/2017/12/28/number-officers-killed-2017-hits-nearly-50-year-low/984477001/.Google Scholar

Mapping Police Violence.org. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://mappingpolcieviolence.org/unarmed/.Google Scholar

McCarthy, N. (2016, July 8). U.S. police deaths in the line of duty over the years [Infographic]. Retrieved from www.Forbes.com/sites/niallmccarthy/2016/07/08/124-u-s-police-officers-died-in-the-line-of-duty-last-year-infographic/$436432d51bf5.Google Scholar

National Law Enforcement and Memorial Fund. (2017). Law enforcement officer fatality report. Retrieved from www.nleomf.org/assets/pdfs/reports/fatality-reports/2017/2017-End-of-Year-Officer-Fatalities-Report_FINAL.pdf.Google Scholar

Skolnick, J. & Fyfe, J. (1993). Above the law: Police and the use of excessive force. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster.Google Scholar

Smith, M. D. (2015, June 2). #BlackLivesMatter. A conversation about building an inclusive movement, the importance of identity, and how to shift the narrative of justice away from jailing killer cops. The Nation. Retrieved from www.thenation.com/article/qa-opal-tometi-co-founder-blacklivesmatter/.Google Scholar

Task Force Report. (2015). Community Oriented Police Services, U.S. Department of Justice. Retrieved from https://cops.usdoj.gov.Google Scholar

USA Today. (2017). Retrieved from www.usatoday.com/story/news/2017/12/28/number-officers-killed-2017-hits-nearly-50-year-low/984477001/.Google Scholar

Walker, D. (1832). Appeal to the coloured citizens of the world. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press.Google Scholar