Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Dedication
- Contents
- List of Figures
- List of Maps
- Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions and Classical Sources
- Acknowledgments
- Map
- 1 Introduction: Tracking an Empire
- 2 Forerunners of the Achaemenids: The First Half of the First Millennium BCE
- 3 Persia Rising: A New Empire
- 4 From Cyrus to Darius I: Empire in Transition
- 5 Darius, the Great King
- 6 Mechanics of Empire
- 7 Xerxes, the Expander of the Realm
- 8 Anatomy of Empire
- 9 Empire at Large: From the Death of Xerxes to Darius II
- 10 Maintaining Empire: Artaxerxes II and Artaxerxes III
- 11 Twilight of the Achaemenids
- 12 Epilogue
- Appendix A – Timeline
- Appendix B – Chronological Chart of Achaemenid Persian Kings
- Appendix C – Lineages of the Achaemenid Royal Family
- Appendix D – Further Readings
- Notes
- Index
6 - Mechanics of Empire
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 June 2014
- Frontmatter
- Dedication
- Contents
- List of Figures
- List of Maps
- Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions and Classical Sources
- Acknowledgments
- Map
- 1 Introduction: Tracking an Empire
- 2 Forerunners of the Achaemenids: The First Half of the First Millennium BCE
- 3 Persia Rising: A New Empire
- 4 From Cyrus to Darius I: Empire in Transition
- 5 Darius, the Great King
- 6 Mechanics of Empire
- 7 Xerxes, the Expander of the Realm
- 8 Anatomy of Empire
- 9 Empire at Large: From the Death of Xerxes to Darius II
- 10 Maintaining Empire: Artaxerxes II and Artaxerxes III
- 11 Twilight of the Achaemenids
- 12 Epilogue
- Appendix A – Timeline
- Appendix B – Chronological Chart of Achaemenid Persian Kings
- Appendix C – Lineages of the Achaemenid Royal Family
- Appendix D – Further Readings
- Notes
- Index
Summary
Kings, Queens, and the Royal Court
The power and importance of the King is a recurring theme throughout the book, and the particular ideology that evolved from and shaped the King’s status will be discussed in a separate section (pp. 147–151). The King of kings was the sun around whom all else revolved. From his physical stature to his dress and presentation, all was carefully managed and controlled to highlight his august position. The King’s robe and accoutrements marked him from others, mainly by a special type of crown, a tiara called in Greek the kidaris. Most of our descriptive evidence comes from Greek sources, though the archaeological record – especially the sculptures from Persepolis – is of course of critical importance. Quintus Curtius Rufus (3.3.17–19) describes the King’s elaborate attire as including a purple tunic interwoven with white, a gold-embroidered cloak, and a gold belt from which he often wore a special dagger, called in Greek an akinakes. This dagger was one of Elamite-style, suggesting a carryover from the preceding period; remains of two scabbards have been found in Central Asia. Garb and accessories would differ, of course, depending on the occasion and whatever function (ceremonial, military, cultic) in which the King was engaged at that time. Some elements of the King’s wardrobe were not unique to him, such as the akinakes (Figure 6.1), the wearing of which signaled royal favor. The King and members of the nobility also frequently wore false beards and are portrayed with such in the iconography, a tradition that was very old. The King’s beard, though, was generally longer and more elaborate than others.
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- Ancient PersiaA Concise History of the Achaemenid Empire, 550–330 BCE, pp. 92 - 113Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2014