Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Dedication
- Editors and Advisers
- Contents
- Polin
- Statement From the Editors
- ARTICLES
- DOCUMENTS
- INTERVIEW
- A DIALOGUE
- BIBLIOGRAPHICAL ESSAYS
- BOOK REVIEWS
- Norman Davies Heart of Europe. A Short History of Poland
- Linda Gordon Cossack Rebellions. Social Turmoil in the Sixteenth Century Ukraine
- Edward C. Thaden Russia's Western Borderlands, 1710–7870
- Raymond Pearson. National Minorities in Eastern Europe, 1848-1945; S. M. Horak et al Eastern European. National Minorities, 1979-1980
- Jerzy Tomaszewski Rzeczpospolita wielu narodów (A Republic of Many Nations)
- Henry Rollet La Pologne au XX’ siècle
- Jacob Goldberg (ed) Jewish Privileges in the Polish Commonwealth. Charters of Rights Granted to Jewish Communities in Poland-Lithuania in the Sixteenth to Eighteenth Centuries
- Jacob Goldberg (ed) Jewish Privileges in the Polish Commonwealth. Charters of Rights Granted to Jewish Communities in Poland-Lithuania in the Sixteenth to Eighteenth Centuries
- Maurycy Horn (ed) Regesty dokumentów i ekscerpty z Metryki Koronnej do Historii, (Żydów w Polsee 1697-1795. T. I: Czasy saskie (1697-1763); T. IL· Rzlądy Stanisiława Augusta (1764-1795), Część I: (1764-1779) (Summaries of Records and Excerpts of the Crown Registry Relating to the History of Jews in Poland, 1697-1795. Vol. I; The Saxon Era [1697-1763]; Vol. II: The Reign of Stanislaw August [1764'-95], Part I, 1764-79)
- Chone Shmeruk The Esterke Story in riddish and Polish Literature. A Case Study in the Mutual Relations of Two Cultural Traditions
- David Darshan Shir HaMa ‘alot L ‘David and Ktav Hitnazzelut L ‘Darshanim. Translated and Annotated by H. G. Perelmuter
- Raphael Mahler Hasidism and the Jewish Enlightenment. Translated from the Yiddish Eugene Orenstein. Translated from the Hebrew by Aaron Klein Jenny Machlowitz Klein
- Michael Stanislawski Tsar Nicholas I and the Jews: The Transformation of Jewish Society in Russia 1825-1855
- O. O. Gruzenberg Yesterday: Memoirs of a Russian-Jewish Lawyerby Don C.|Rawson
- David Berger (ed) The Legacy of Jewish Migration: 1881 and Its Impact
- Steven E. Aschheim Brothers and Strangers. The East European Jew in German and German Jewish Consciousness, 1800-1923
- A vigdor Dagan, Gertrude Hirschler and Lewis Weiner (eds) The Jews of Czechoslovakia. Historical Studies and Surveys
- Ferdinand Seibt (ed) Die Juden in den bohmischen Liindern. Vortriige der Tagung des Collegium Carolinum in Bad Wiessee
- Ezra Mendelsohn The Jews of East Central Europe Between the World Wars
- Joseph Marcus Social and Political History of the Jews in Poland, 1919-1939
- Shlomo Netzer Ma'avak rehudei Polin al Zekhuyotehem ha-Ezrahiyot ve-ha-Leumiyot (1918-1922) (The Struggle of Polish Jewry for Civil and National Minority Rights [1918-1922])
- Randolph L. Braham (ed) Perspectives on the Holocaust. The Hungarian Jewish Catastrophe. A Selected and Annotated Bibliography
- Raul Hilberg The Destruction of the European Jews
- Władysław Bartoszewski Das Warschauer Ghetto - wie es wirklich war. Zeugenbericht eines Christen ; Oswald Amstler. Solidarität zu Kindern in den nationalsozialistischen Konzentrationslagern
- Yisrael Gutman The Jews of Warsaw 1939-1943: Ghetto, Underground, Revolt
- Yechiel Szeintuch (ed) Yitzhak Katzenelson: Yidishe geto-ksovim: Varshe 1940-1943 (Yitzhak Katzenelson: Yiddish Ghetto Writings: Warsaw 1940-1943)
- Karin Wolff (ed) Hiob 1943. Ein Requiemfür das Warschauer Ghetto
- Lucjan Dobroszycki (ed) The Chronicle of the Łódź Ghetto 1947-1944
- Jack Kugelmass Jonathan Boyarin (editors and translators) From a Ruined Garden. The Memorial Books of Polish Jewry
- Rachel Ertel Le Shtetl. La bourgade juive de Pologne de la tradition à la modernité
- Fr. Tadeusz Sroka Dziennik izraelski czyli religijny wymiar ludzkiego losu (An Israeli Diary, or the Religious Dimension of Man's Fate)
- Znak The Jews in Poland and the World
- Gershon C. Bacon Gershon David Hundert (eds) The Jews in Poland and Russia: Bibliographical Essays
- CONTRIBUTORS
Lucjan Dobroszycki (ed) The Chronicle of the Łódź Ghetto 1947-1944
from BOOK REVIEWS
- Frontmatter
- Dedication
- Editors and Advisers
- Contents
- Polin
- Statement From the Editors
- ARTICLES
- DOCUMENTS
- INTERVIEW
- A DIALOGUE
- BIBLIOGRAPHICAL ESSAYS
- BOOK REVIEWS
- Norman Davies Heart of Europe. A Short History of Poland
- Linda Gordon Cossack Rebellions. Social Turmoil in the Sixteenth Century Ukraine
- Edward C. Thaden Russia's Western Borderlands, 1710–7870
- Raymond Pearson. National Minorities in Eastern Europe, 1848-1945; S. M. Horak et al Eastern European. National Minorities, 1979-1980
- Jerzy Tomaszewski Rzeczpospolita wielu narodów (A Republic of Many Nations)
- Henry Rollet La Pologne au XX’ siècle
- Jacob Goldberg (ed) Jewish Privileges in the Polish Commonwealth. Charters of Rights Granted to Jewish Communities in Poland-Lithuania in the Sixteenth to Eighteenth Centuries
- Jacob Goldberg (ed) Jewish Privileges in the Polish Commonwealth. Charters of Rights Granted to Jewish Communities in Poland-Lithuania in the Sixteenth to Eighteenth Centuries
- Maurycy Horn (ed) Regesty dokumentów i ekscerpty z Metryki Koronnej do Historii, (Żydów w Polsee 1697-1795. T. I: Czasy saskie (1697-1763); T. IL· Rzlądy Stanisiława Augusta (1764-1795), Część I: (1764-1779) (Summaries of Records and Excerpts of the Crown Registry Relating to the History of Jews in Poland, 1697-1795. Vol. I; The Saxon Era [1697-1763]; Vol. II: The Reign of Stanislaw August [1764'-95], Part I, 1764-79)
- Chone Shmeruk The Esterke Story in riddish and Polish Literature. A Case Study in the Mutual Relations of Two Cultural Traditions
- David Darshan Shir HaMa ‘alot L ‘David and Ktav Hitnazzelut L ‘Darshanim. Translated and Annotated by H. G. Perelmuter
- Raphael Mahler Hasidism and the Jewish Enlightenment. Translated from the Yiddish Eugene Orenstein. Translated from the Hebrew by Aaron Klein Jenny Machlowitz Klein
- Michael Stanislawski Tsar Nicholas I and the Jews: The Transformation of Jewish Society in Russia 1825-1855
- O. O. Gruzenberg Yesterday: Memoirs of a Russian-Jewish Lawyerby Don C.|Rawson
- David Berger (ed) The Legacy of Jewish Migration: 1881 and Its Impact
- Steven E. Aschheim Brothers and Strangers. The East European Jew in German and German Jewish Consciousness, 1800-1923
- A vigdor Dagan, Gertrude Hirschler and Lewis Weiner (eds) The Jews of Czechoslovakia. Historical Studies and Surveys
- Ferdinand Seibt (ed) Die Juden in den bohmischen Liindern. Vortriige der Tagung des Collegium Carolinum in Bad Wiessee
- Ezra Mendelsohn The Jews of East Central Europe Between the World Wars
- Joseph Marcus Social and Political History of the Jews in Poland, 1919-1939
- Shlomo Netzer Ma'avak rehudei Polin al Zekhuyotehem ha-Ezrahiyot ve-ha-Leumiyot (1918-1922) (The Struggle of Polish Jewry for Civil and National Minority Rights [1918-1922])
- Randolph L. Braham (ed) Perspectives on the Holocaust. The Hungarian Jewish Catastrophe. A Selected and Annotated Bibliography
- Raul Hilberg The Destruction of the European Jews
- Władysław Bartoszewski Das Warschauer Ghetto - wie es wirklich war. Zeugenbericht eines Christen ; Oswald Amstler. Solidarität zu Kindern in den nationalsozialistischen Konzentrationslagern
- Yisrael Gutman The Jews of Warsaw 1939-1943: Ghetto, Underground, Revolt
- Yechiel Szeintuch (ed) Yitzhak Katzenelson: Yidishe geto-ksovim: Varshe 1940-1943 (Yitzhak Katzenelson: Yiddish Ghetto Writings: Warsaw 1940-1943)
- Karin Wolff (ed) Hiob 1943. Ein Requiemfür das Warschauer Ghetto
- Lucjan Dobroszycki (ed) The Chronicle of the Łódź Ghetto 1947-1944
- Jack Kugelmass Jonathan Boyarin (editors and translators) From a Ruined Garden. The Memorial Books of Polish Jewry
- Rachel Ertel Le Shtetl. La bourgade juive de Pologne de la tradition à la modernité
- Fr. Tadeusz Sroka Dziennik izraelski czyli religijny wymiar ludzkiego losu (An Israeli Diary, or the Religious Dimension of Man's Fate)
- Znak The Jews in Poland and the World
- Gershon C. Bacon Gershon David Hundert (eds) The Jews in Poland and Russia: Bibliographical Essays
- CONTRIBUTORS
Summary
One of the most difficult and painful questions to emerge from the Holocaust was that concerning the degree to which the Jews themselves were to blame for their plight and ultimate fate. How far was their alleged and relative passivity and cooperation (collaboration?) with the Nazi authorities, especially after the creation of the special ghettos for Jews in the eastern occupied territories, a necessary element for the successful execution of the Final Solution, the Nazi attempt to exterminate the whole of European Jewry during the Second World War? At his trial in 1961 Adolf Eichmann argued that it was, a point stressed by Hannah Arendt in her commentary on the trial with particular reference to the work and role of the Jewish Councils: ‘if the Jewish people had really been unorganized and leaderless, there would have been chaos and plenty of misery but the total number of victims would hardly have been between four and a half and six million people’ (Hannah Arendt, Eichmann in Jerusalem, London, 1963, p. 111.) In his standard work on the Final Solution, Raul Hilberg had already levelled similar charges at the leaders of the Jewish communities under Nazi domination: ‘the Councils responded to German demands with automatic compliance and invoked German authority to compel the community's obedience. Thus the Jewish leadership both saved and destroyed its people - saving some Jews and destroying others, saving the Jews at one moment and destroying them at the next. Some leaders broke under this power; others became intoxicated with it’ (Raul Hilberg, The Destruction of the European Jews, London, 1961, p. 146).
Not surprisingly, these comments and others stirred up a fierce controversy during the 1960s and 1970s which brought into sharp focus a multitude of questions concerning the Jewish role throughout the years of Nazi rule, but above all from 1939 to 1941 when there was in fact no ‘Holocaust’ or ‘Final Solution’, and the years from 1941 to 1944 when there was.
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- Poles and Jews: Renewing the Dialogue , pp. 403 - 407Publisher: Liverpool University PressPrint publication year: 2004