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5 - Reciprocal Ia inhibition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 August 2009

Emmanuel Pierrot-Deseilligny  and
David Burke
Emmanuel Pierrot-Deseilligny
Affiliation:
Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris
David Burke
Affiliation:
University of Sydney
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Summary

The disynaptic pathway mediating reciprocal Ia inhibition to antagonistic motoneurones through Ia interneurones has been investigated extensively in animal experiments, and is the most thoroughly studied spinal circuit in human subjects. The extensive convergence described on Ia interneurones provided the first example of integration in the spinal cord. It has been suggested that motoneurones and Ia interneurones are controlled in parallel from the brain to produce a co-ordinated contraction of agonists and relaxation of antagonists (Lundberg, 1970). This appealing hypothesis prompted experiments in humans, and the study of changes in reciprocal Ia inhibition from ankle flexors to extensors during voluntary dorsiflexion was the first attempt to investigate changes in transmission in spinal pathways during movement (Tanaka, 1974). Although the results recorded during tonic contractions have long been a matter of dispute, the existence of a parallel control of α motoneurones and corresponding Ia interneurones has now been demonstrated in a number of motor tasks at ankle level. However, it has proved difficult to extrapolate from results obtained at ankle level to wrist flexors and extensors. It has become clear that reciprocal inhibition between flexors and extensors in the forearm is probably mediated by non-reciprocal group I interneurones (so-called Ib inhibitory interneurones), and not by ‘true’ Ia inhibitory interneurones.

Background from animal experiments

Initial findings

In a decerebrate preparation Sherrington (1897) demonstrated that the contraction of a muscle is accompanied by relaxation of its antagonist(s), and coined the term ‘reciprocal inhibition’.

Type
Chapter
Information
The Circuitry of the Human Spinal Cord
Its Role in Motor Control and Movement Disorders
 , pp. 197 - 243
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2005

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Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

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Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

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