Official figures for prewar and wartime industrial employment are shown in tables G.1 to G.3. Table G.1 deals with 1940. It shows the employment of ‘industrial-production personnel’ (promyshlenno-proizvodstvennyi personal, or PPP for short) in the public sector. PPP comprised both manual and nonmanual employees (rabochie i sluzhashchie), inclusive of engineering and technical personnel (ITR), apprentices and ‘junior service personnel’ (mladshii obsluzhivaiushchii personal), and security staff (rabotniki okhrany). Those providing training or other services to the workforce were not included in PPP. This is, however, the most inclusive of the available concepts.

In 1960 the statistical classification of the public sector changed, and figures for 1940 are available in both definitions, shown in columns 1 and 2 of table G.1. The most important change affected the numbers engaged in artisan industry (the arteli promyslovoi kooperatsii, or promko-operatsiia for short), which were excluded from the public sector before 1960. Most of these were engaged in light industry of various kinds. The inclusion of artisan industry appears to explain fully the increase in the PPP total arising from the 1960 reclassification.

Within the PPP total, the 1960 reclassification saw other small changes, too, for example, the reallocation of industrial workers employed on building sites. It should also be mentioned that the post-1960 classification was less detailed, at least in the published version (for example, the printing industry disappeared), and with a larger unclassified residual, into which disappeared such sensitive information as numbers engaged in nonferrous metallurgy.