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Topology and Electronic Structure of Onion-Like Carbon and Graphite/Diamond Nanocomposites

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 March 2011

Lyubov G. Bulusheva ,
Alexander V. Okotrub ,
Vladimir L. Kuznetsov ,
Andrew L. Chuvilin ,
Yuriy V. Butenko  and
Malcolm I. Heggie
Lyubov G. Bulusheva
Affiliation:
Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Novosibirsk, RUSSIA
Alexander V. Okotrub
Affiliation:
Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Novosibirsk, RUSSIA
Vladimir L. Kuznetsov
Affiliation:
Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Novosibirsk, RUSSIA
Andrew L. Chuvilin
Affiliation:
Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Novosibirsk, RUSSIA
Yuriy V. Butenko
Affiliation:
Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Novosibirsk, RUSSIA
Malcolm I. Heggie
Affiliation:
School of Chemistry, Physics and Environmental Science, University of Sussex at Brighton, UK
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Abstract

Annealing of nanodiamond at moderate temperature makes it possible to produce structures being intermediate in the carbon transformation from sp3- to sp2-state (graphite/diamond nanocomposites) and onion-like carbon (OLC). Electron microscopy shows such structures involve cage shells with spacing close to graphite. X-ray emission spectroscopy has been applied to examine the electronic structure of OLC and graphite/diamond nanocomposites. The CKα-spectra of OLC produced in the temperature range of 1600-1900 K were found to be markedly different from the spectrum of particles formed at 2140 K and characterized by better ordering of graphitic shells. The latter spectrum was shown to be very similar to the CKα-spectrum of polycrystalline graphite, while the former ones exhibited a significant increase of high-energy maximum that might be caused by the holed defect structure of graphitic networks forming at the intermediate annealing temperatures. To interpret experimental spectra, the quantum-chemical semiempirical AM1 calculation of icosahedral C540 cage and that with holed defects was carried out. The lack of at least 22% atoms in an internal carbon cage was found to be essential to provide an increase of density of high-energy electronic states similar to that observed in the spectrum of OLC produced at 1900 K.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 703: Symposia U/V – Nanophase and Nanocomposite Materials IV , 2001 , V9.22
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2002

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