International law β Sources of β General principles of law β Principles of private international law β Use of comparative law β Absence of uniformity of laws β Effect of
Treaties β Interpretation of β Agencies of interpretation β Arbitral Tribunal β Interpretation by.
Treaties β Interpretation of β Principles of Interpretation β Effectiveness β Interpretation of arbitral undertakings β Possibility of conflicts between international tribunals β Whether to be avoided.
Reference to purposes β Intention of Parties β Liberal interpretation β Reasonableness β Use of preamble β Methods which can be simply and fruitfully applied β Reference to β Natural meaning β Surrounding circumstances.
Interpretation by Parties subsequent to conclusion β Weight to be attached β Permissibility of reference to evidence of interpretation if not referred to in argument.
Use of treaties of municipal law terms β Reference to municipal law for purposes of interpretation β Permissibility of β Multilingual treaties.
Preparatory work β Consideration of β Confirmatory character of β Absence of published record β Assertions of Parties as to content of β Whether of evidential value β History of origin of Agreement.
Treaties β Special kinds of β Peace Treaties β Analogous instrumenta β Agreement on German External Debts, 1953 β Annex VII β Private law contracts β Regulation by Agreement β Claims with speclftc foreign character β Criteria for determining such character β Place of payment situated abroad β Meaning of β Whether to be ascertained in accordance with municipal law β Application of rule relating to interpretation of treaties β Natural meaning of term βplace of paymentβ in contradistinction to other meanings β Corroborated by history of Agreement β Gold clause β Debts with β Conversion of such debts β Under Agreement on German External Debts β Foreign creditors.
Arbitration β In general β Conception and function of arbitration β Decision on interpretation and application of international Agreement β In contradistinction to decision on claim.
Arbitration β In general β Law applied by arbitral tribunals β Private international law β Problem of lex fori β Choice of law in contract cases.
Arbitration β Procedure β Competence β Jurisdiction β Of Arbitral Tribunal for Agreement on German External Debts β Exclusive jurisdiction regarding interpretation or application of Agreement β Attempt to settle dispute by negotiation prior to submission to Arbitral Tribunal β Competence of other arbitral body yet not establlshed β Litispendence β Principle of perpetuatio fori β Dispute between Governments distinguished from dispute between private individuals β Request for decision distinguished from request for advisory opinion.
State responsibility β For wrongs unconnected with contractual obligations
Acts and omissions of State organs β Exhaustion of local remedies β Rule of β Applicability in arbitration proceedings β Absence of special provision for application β Case not involving claim on behalf of individual β Request for interpretation of Agreement as between States β Effect of β Exhaustion of local remedies under Agreement on German External Debts, 1953.
Acts of judicial organs of State β Denial of justice β Error of law β Error in application of Treaty β Whether State responsible.