At the Third Colloquium of Scandinavian Liturgists assembled at Hanaholmen in May 1975, I distinguished two categories of liturgical chant book: (i) the books emanating from the first Carolingian renaissance – sacramentary, antiphoner, etc.; (ii) the books extracted from the preceding in the course of the second renaissance of letters and arts under Charles the Bald (840–877) and later – pontifical, troper-proser, processional.