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248 results

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  • P0079 - Pregabalin improves pain in fibromyalgia (FM) patients regardless of baseline anxiety and depression levels
  • T. Leon, E. Whalen, L. Arnold, L. Pauer, J. Barrett
  • Journal: European Psychiatry / Volume 23 / Issue S2 / April 2008
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 16 April 2020, p. S215
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    Aims:

    Examine the evidence for a relationship between pregabalin effect on pain and baseline anxiety and depressive symptoms in patients with fibromyalgia (FM).

    Background:

    Chronic pain and concomitant anxiety and depressive symptoms are common in patients with FM, as well as in other chronic pain disorders. Pregabalin was effective for treating pain in FM patients in three parallel group RCTs (105, 1056, 1077) where data for anxiety and depressive symptom levels were collected.

    Design/Methods:

    Patients meeting ACR criteria for FM with a pain VAS score ≥40 mm were followed for 8-14 weeks in 3 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. Patients (N=2022) received 150, 300, 450 or 600mg/d pregabalin or placebo. The primary efficacy parameter was change in endpoint Mean Pain Score (MPS) (range 0 [no pain]-10[worst possible pain]). Regression analyses evaluated whether changes in pain bore any relation to the baseline Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales (HADS-A) and (HADS-D) levels.

    Results:

    Pregabalin 300, 450, and 600 mg/d, but not 150 mg/d, showed statistically significant improvements in pain compared with placebo (p<0.0001). For each pregabalin treatment group, improvements in pain at endpoint were not found to have a statistically significant association with baseline levels of anxiety or depressive symptoms. Adverse events (AEs) were consistent with known side effects of pregabalin; dizziness and somnolence, mild to moderate in intensity, were the most frequently reported AEs for pregabalin patients.

    Conclusions/Relevance:

    Pregabalin treatment demonstrated significant improvements in pain regardless of baseline anxiety or depressive symptom levels for patients with FM.

    Study funded by Pfizer, Inc

Ethical Theory and Business
  • Ethical Theory and Business
  • 10th edition
  • Denis G. Arnold, Tom L. Beauchamp, Norman E. Bowie
  • Published online: 21 December 2019
  • Print publication: 19 December 2019
  • View description
    For forty years, successive editions of Ethical Theory and Business have helped to define the field of business ethics. The 10th edition reflects the current, multidisciplinary nature of the field by explicitly embracing a variety of perspectives on business ethics, including philosophy, management, and legal studies. Chapters integrate theoretical readings, case studies, and summaries of key legal cases to guide students to a rich understanding of business ethics, corporate responsibility, and sustainability. The 10th edition has been entirely updated, ensuring that students are exposed to key ethical questions in the current business environment. New chapters cover the ethics of IT, ethical markets, and ethical management and leadership. Coverage includes climate change, sustainability, international business ethics, sexual harassment, diversity, and LGBTQ discrimination. New case studies draw students directly into recent business ethics controversies, such as sexual harassment at Fox News, consumer fraud at Wells Fargo, and business practices at Uber.
  • Reproducibility of dietary intakes of macronutrients, specific food groups, and dietary patterns in 211 050 adults in the UK Biobank study
  • Jennifer L. Carter, Sarah Lewington, Carmen Piernas, Kathryn Bradbury, Timothy J. Key, Susan A. Jebb, Matthew Arnold, Derrick Bennett, Robert Clarke
  • Journal: Journal of Nutritional Science / Volume 8 / 2019
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 29 October 2019, e34
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    To detect modest associations of dietary intake with disease risk, observational studies need to be large and control for moderate measurement errors. The reproducibility of dietary intakes of macronutrients, food groups and dietary patterns (vegetarian and Mediterranean) was assessed in adults in the UK Biobank study on up to five occasions using a web-based 24-h dietary assessment (n 211 050), and using short FFQ recorded at baseline (n 502 655) and after 4 years (n 20 346). When the means of two 24-h assessments were used, the intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) for macronutrients varied from 0·63 for alcohol to 0·36 for polyunsaturated fat. The ICC for food groups also varied from 0·68 for fruit to 0·18 for fish. The ICC for the FFQ varied from 0·66 for meat and fruit to 0·48 for bread and cereals. The reproducibility was higher for vegetarian status (κ > 0·80) than for the Mediterranean dietary pattern (ICC = 0·45). Overall, the reproducibility of pairs of 24-h dietary assessments and single FFQ used in the UK Biobank were comparable with results of previous prospective studies using conventional methods. Analyses of diet–disease relationships need to correct for both measurement error and within-person variability in dietary intake in order to reliably assess any such associations with disease in the UK Biobank.

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