The Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation is the oldest photon
radiation that can be observed, having been emitted when the
Universe was about 300 000 year old. It is a blackbody at 2.73 K,
and is almost perfectly isotropic, the anisotropies being about one
part to 100 000. However, these anisotropies, detected by the COBE
satellite in 1992, constrain the cosmological parameters such as the
curvature of the Universe.
Archeops is a balloon-borne experiment designed to map these
anisotropies. The instrument is composed of a 1.5 m telescope and bolometers cooled at 85 mK to detect radiation between 150 and
550 GHz. To lower parasitic signals, the instrument is
borne by a stratospheric balloon during the arctic night. This
instrument is also a preparation for the Planck satellite mission,
as its design is similar to HFI. We discuss here the results of the first scientific flight from Esrange (near Kiruna, Sweden) to Russia on January 29th 2001,
which led to a 22% (sub)millimetre sky coverage unprecedented at this
resolution. Here, we put some emphasis on interstellar dust foreground
emission observations.