In order to obtain the dynamic variation rule of the sulfur content of liquid steel in
the LF refining process, a complete mathematical model including a desulfurization kinetic
model and temperature model in the deep desulfurization process is presented, based on the
practical production and reaction mechanism of ultra-low-sulfur steel in a LF. The results
show that the calculated values of the sulfur content in liquid steel using the model fit
the experimental values well, and the relative error is less than 8%. The effects of
refining slag on the desulfurization process are analyzed in this paper, which shows that
slag basicity is most important at the early and middle stages of the process, while slag
weight is most important at the middle and late stages. The effect of the above factors on
the final sulfur content of liquid steel is further analyzed quantitatively. The simulated
results provide a theoretical basis to segment control the refining process in order to
achieve the maximum effect, improving efficiency, saving energy and reducing
consumption.