Social and cultural patterns in under-developed areas are being altered as industrialization occurs. For most of the peoples in these areas, industrialization means not only a new economic system, but also new patterns of non-economic behavior often sharply divergent from the old. Thus, the problem of economic development is not confined to establishing improved sources of productivity. It also concerns the ways in which a society will react and accommodate itself to the exigencies of economic change.
Until the end of World War Two, very little consideration was given to the implications of industrial development on the structure of society. The disregard of variables such as political systems, value systems, etc., has meant a change in the relationship between economic and social life, causing old cultures and social systems to collapse, and a rise in the resistance of the members of these societies to the advances of industrialization. The end result was that general improvement in living standards was not attained and a profound dislike for the foreigner was developed.