The Albion Mill was built during the years 1783–86 on the Surrey bank of the Thames at the foot of Blackfriars Bridge. Designed to grind corn on a large scale, the mill was outstandingly the most advanced industrial building of its day and the first to be planned, from the start, to incorporate the newly invented Boulton & Watt double-acting rotative engines. The mill was also one of Samuel Wyatt’s major works and one to which he devoted a great deal of attention as architect and builder and as the principal promoter of the undertaking. By good fortune many of his letters relating to the mill have survived and can be studied in the Boulton & Watt Collection at the Birmingham Reference Library and in the Tew MSS at the Assay Office, Birmingham. Letters on the mill written by Matthew Boulton, John Rennie and James Watt also exist in these collections. There are structural drawings in the Reference Library; several views of the mill were published as engravings, and in the Public Record Office drawings can be seen of two schemes by Wyatt for rebuilding the mill after its destruction by fire in 1791. All these sources have been used in the present paper.