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Accepted manuscript

The Impact of Morningness-Eveningness on Depression through a Serial Mediation Model of Resilience and Anxiety

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 May 2024

Suhyeon Kang ,
Huiyeong Kim ,
Hyeona Yu ,
Daseul Lee ,
Hyuk Joon Lee ,
Tae Hyon Ha ,
Jungkyu Park ,
Woojae Myung Open the ORCID record for Woojae Myung [Opens in a new window]  and
Hyo Shin Kang Open the ORCID record for Hyo Shin Kang [Opens in a new window]
Suhyeon Kang
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea, 41566
Huiyeong Kim
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea, 41566
Hyeona Yu
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, 13619, Republic of Korea
Daseul Lee
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, 13619, Republic of Korea
Hyuk Joon Lee
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, 13619, Republic of Korea
Tae Hyon Ha
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, 13619, Republic of Korea
Jungkyu Park*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea, 41566
Woojae Myung*
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, 13619, Republic of Korea Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, public of Korea
Hyo Shin Kang*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea, 41566
*
#Correspondence: Hyo Shin Kang Ph. D, Department of Psychology, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; Phone: +82-(53)-950-7177; Fax: +82-(53)-950-5243; E-mail: hyoshin.kang@knu.ac.kr, Woojae Myung MD, PhD, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 29, Gumi-ro 173 beon-gil Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13619, Republic of Korea; Phone: +82-(31)-787-7430; Fax: +82-(31)-787-4058; E-mail: wmyung@snu.ac.kr, Jungkyu Park Ph. D, Department of Psychology, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; Phone: +82-(53)-950-7176; Fax: +82-(53)-950-5243; E-mail: jkp@knu.ac.kr
#Correspondence: Hyo Shin Kang Ph. D, Department of Psychology, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; Phone: +82-(53)-950-7177; Fax: +82-(53)-950-5243; E-mail: hyoshin.kang@knu.ac.kr, Woojae Myung MD, PhD, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 29, Gumi-ro 173 beon-gil Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13619, Republic of Korea; Phone: +82-(31)-787-7430; Fax: +82-(31)-787-4058; E-mail: wmyung@snu.ac.kr, Jungkyu Park Ph. D, Department of Psychology, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; Phone: +82-(53)-950-7176; Fax: +82-(53)-950-5243; E-mail: jkp@knu.ac.kr
#Correspondence: Hyo Shin Kang Ph. D, Department of Psychology, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; Phone: +82-(53)-950-7177; Fax: +82-(53)-950-5243; E-mail: hyoshin.kang@knu.ac.kr, Woojae Myung MD, PhD, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 29, Gumi-ro 173 beon-gil Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13619, Republic of Korea; Phone: +82-(31)-787-7430; Fax: +82-(31)-787-4058; E-mail: wmyung@snu.ac.kr, Jungkyu Park Ph. D, Department of Psychology, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; Phone: +82-(53)-950-7176; Fax: +82-(53)-950-5243; E-mail: jkp@knu.ac.kr
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Abstract

Objective:

Resilience has been recently considered one of the possible mechanisms for the association between morningness–eveningness and depression. Meanwhile, anxiety is closely associated with mood disorder, but its association with morningness–eveningness is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the mediating effects of resilience and anxiety on morningness–eveningness and depression as the possible mechanisms.

Methods:

This study included patient group and nonpatient group. Patient group consists of 743 patients with mood disorders [Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), 233; Bipolar Disorder Ⅰ (BDⅠ), 113; Bipolar Disorder Ⅱ (BDⅡ), 397] whereas nonpatient group consists of 818 individuals without mood disorder. The Composite Scale of Morningness, Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, Self-Rating Depression Scale, and Beck Anxiety Inventory were used to evaluate morningness–eveningness, resilience, anxiety, and depression, respectively.

Results:

Our model provided a good fit for the data. The association between morningness–eveningness and depression symptoms was partially serially mediated by resilience and anxiety in both the patient and nonpatient groups. The patient group exhibited significantly stronger morningness–eveningness toward resilience and anxiety than the nonpatient group. In the indirect effect of morningness–eveningness on depression, group differences exist only through each mediation of resilience and anxiety, not through serial mediation.

Conclusion:

Our results expand on the mechanism underlying the association between morningness–eveningness and depression. They highlight the importance of morningness–eveningness modification to increase resilience and the need to consider anxiety jointly in this process.

Keywords

morningness–eveningnessdepressive symptommood disorderresilienceanxiety
Type
Original Article
Information
Acta Neuropsychiatrica , Accepted manuscript , pp. 1 - 24
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Scandinavian College of Neuropsychopharmacology

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Footnotes

†

These individuals contributed equally to this work as co-first authors.

*

These individuals contributed equally to this work as co-corresponding authors.