There are two specimens, both exfoliated, which seem to be co-specific, and to belong to Sphenotus. The larger one is the worse preserved of the two, but the other shows some distortion by pressure; it retains the right valve, which however had its characters very much obscured. A third crushed and exfoliated individual from Gramadal Quebrada may also belong to the species.

The Middle Jurassic of Yorkshire consists of non-marine strata, known collectively as the Estuarine Series, and several intercalated marine bands. The non-marine beds have the characteristics of deposits formed as a delta rather than in an estuary, and are, in fact, strongly reminiscent of the Coal Measures in their general appearance. In the coast section, where they are admirable exposed, which are usually due to the presence of false bedded sediments replacing the normally parallel bedded strata. Thick wedges of sandstone replacing the Dogger, and sometimes part of the Upper Lias too, have been described by Dr. Rastall and Fox-Strangways. They are particularly noticeable when they interrupt the top seam (i.e. the Dogger) in the iron mines, where they are called “freestone baulks” by the miners. The same phenomenon is better known in the Coal Measures, where the term “washout” is used for a mass of sandstone suddenly replacing coal. Although there are several objections to the term “washout”, it is used here since it had become so well established in Coal Measures geology.

One of us has described these deposits in two papers read before the Geological Society (Q.J.G.S.), vol. lxxv, 1919, p. 204; vol. lxxxii, 1926, p. 101.

In a paper published in 1924 the writer described a breccia passed through in a boring at Nechells, Birmingham, which there about 350 feet thick, overlain unconformably by the Keuper. Sandstone, and lying unconformably on the Calcareous Conglomerate Group ( = the Corley Beds), which is included in the Carboniferous by the Geological Survey.

The presence of members of the Glossopteris flora in Antarctica was first attested by the material collected from Mount Buckley by Dr. Wilson and Lieut. Bowers on Capt. Scott's last expedition to the South Pole. and the now famous specimens were described by Professor A. C. Seward (1914). Traces of fossil plants in Antarctica, were, however, first discovered by Mr. H. T. Ferrar, a member of the National Antarctic Expedition, 1901–1904, and were briefly described by Arber (1907), who reported, on some specimens from the Ferrar Glacier, that “several of these show fair-sized carbonaceous impressions or markings, which in all probability are of vegetable origin”. The evidence presented by this unpromising material did not “permit of any opinion as to the botanical nature or affinities of the fossils themselves, nor of the geological age of the beds in which they occur” (Arber, 1907, p. 48). Professor Seward examined the specimens and agreed with this conclusion (1914, p. 2).