Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-5g6vh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T15:54:11.569Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Evaluation of physiological and morphological parameters for early prediction of prenatal litter size in goats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 February 2023

Ankit Magotra Open the ORCID record for Ankit Magotra [Opens in a new window] ,
Yogesh C. Bangar Open the ORCID record for Yogesh C. Bangar [Opens in a new window] ,
Sandeep Kumar  and
A. S. Yadav
Ankit Magotra*
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India-125001
Yogesh C. Bangar
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India-125001
Sandeep Kumar
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India-125001
A. S. Yadav
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India-125001
*
Author for correspondence: Ankit Magotra, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India-125001. E-mail: ankitoms@gmail.com
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the physiological and morphological parameters of pregnant does for early prediction of prenatal litter size. In total, 33 does were screened using ultrasonography and further categorized into three groups based on does bearing twins (n = 12), a single fetus (n = 12), or non-pregnant does (n = 9). The rectal temperature °F (RT) and respiration rate (RR) as physiological parameters, while abdominal girth in cm (AG) and udder circumference in cm (UC) as morphological parameters were recorded at different gestation times, i.e. 118, 125, 132 and 140 days. In addition to this, age (years) and weight at service (kg) were also used. The statistical analyses included analysis of variance (ANOVA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The results indicated that groups had significant (P < 0.05) differences among morphological parameters at each gestation time, with higher AG and UC in does bearing twins followed by a single fetus and non-pregnant does. However, both physiological parameters were non-significantly (P > 0.05) associated with litter size groups. It was also revealed that the studied parameters showed increasing trends over gestation time in single and twin fetus categories, but they were on par among non-pregnant does. The results of the LDA revealed that estimated function based on age, weight at service, RR, RT, AG and UC had greater (ranging from 75.00 to 91.70%) accuracy, sensitivity and specificity at different gestation times. It was concluded that using an estimated function, future pregnant does may be identified in advance for single or twin litter size, with greater accuracy.

Keywords

Abdominal girthDiscriminant analysisGoatLitter size
Type
Research Article
Information
Zygote , Volume 31 , Issue 3 , June 2023 , pp. 219 - 224
Check for updates
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Atmoko, B. A., Maharani, D., Bintara, S. and Budisatria, I. G. S. (2020). The behavior of Etawah Grade goats in early and late pregnancy period in a tropical area. Journal of Animal Behaviour and Biometeorology, 8(2), 136–141. doi: 10.31893/jabb.20019 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bangar, Y. C., Magotra, A. and Yadav, A. S. (2020). Variance components and genetic parameter estimates for pre-weaning and post-weaning growth traits in Jakhrana goat. Small Ruminant Research, 193, 106278. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.106278 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bangar, Y. C., Magotra, A., Yadav, A. S. and Chauhan, A. (2022a). Estimation of genetic parameters for early reproduction traits in Beetal goat. Zygote, 30(2), 279–284. doi: 10.1017/S0967199421000642 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bangar, Y. C., Magotra, A. and Yadav, A. S. (2022b). Estimation of inbreeding and its effects on growth traits in Beetal goat. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 54(5), 279. doi: 10.1007/s11250-022-03283-8 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boujenane, I. and Hazzab, A. E. (2008). Genetic parameters for direct and maternal effects on body weights of Draa goats. Small Ruminant Research, 80(1–3), 16–21. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2008.07.026 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, S. R. (2017). Triennial Lactation Symposium/BOLFA: Mammary growth during pregnancy and lactation and its relationship with milk yield. Journal of Animal Science, 95(12), 5675–5688. doi: 10.2527/jas2017.1733 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dige, M. S., Rout, P. K., Singh, M. K., Dass, G., Kaushik, R. and Gowane, G. R. (2021). Estimation of co(variance) components and genetic parameters for growth and feed efficiency traits in Jamunapari goat. Small Ruminant Research, 196, 106317. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2021.106317 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fleet, I. R., Goode, J. A., Hamon, M. H., Laurie, M. S., Linzell, J. L. and Peaker, M. (1975). Secretory activity of goat mammary glands during pregnancy and the onset of lactation. Journal of Physiology, 251(3), 763–773. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1975.sp011120 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gowane, G. R., Chopra, A., Prakash, V. and Arora, A. L. (2011). Estimates of (co) variance components and genetic parameters for growth traits in Sirohi goat. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 43(1), 189–198. doi: 10.1007/s11250-010-9673-4 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hilal, B., El Otmani, S. E., Chentouf, M. and Boujenane, I. (2016). Multivariate analysis for morphological traits of the Hamra goat population in two regions of Morocco. Animal Genetic Resources/Ressources Génétiques Animales/Recursos Genéticos Animales, 59, 55–62. doi: 10.1017/S2078633616000114 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
James, I. J. and Osinowo, O. A. (2021). Relationship between udder measurements during pregnancy and partial daily milk yield in goats. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production, 31(2), 252–262. doi: 10.51791/njap.v31i2.1822 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jeet, V., Magotra, A., Bangar, Y. C., Kumar, S., Garg, A. R., Yadav, A. S. and Bahurupi, P. (2022). Evaluation of candidate point mutation of kisspeptin 1 gene associated with litter size in Indian goat breeds and its effect on transcription factor binding sites. Domestic Animal Endocrinology, 78, 106676. doi: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2021.106676 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kebede, T., Haile, A., Dadi, H. and Alemu, T. (2012). Genetic and phenotypic parameter estimates for reproduction traits in indigenous Arsi-Bale goats. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 44(5), 1007–1015. doi: 10.1007/s11250-011-0034-8 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kumar, V., Singh, B. P. and Bangar, Y. C. (2013). Adoption level of breeding and reproduction management practices among goat farmers in semi arid zone of Uttar Pradesh. Ruminant Science, 2(2), 207–210.Google Scholar
Lalit, Malik, Z. S., Dalal, D. S., Dahiya, S. P., Magotra, A. and Patil, C. S. (2016). Genetics of growth traits in sheep: A review. International Journal of Recent Research in Life Sciences 3, 12–18.Google Scholar
Linzell, J. L. (1966). Measurement of udder volume in live goats as an index of mammary growth and function. Journal of Dairy Science, 49(3), 307–311. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(66)87853-0 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Census, Livestock . (2019). Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying. Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying. Government of India.Google Scholar
Lopez-Sebastián, A., Coloma, M. A., Toledano, A. and Santiago-Moreno, J. (2014). Hormone-free protocols for the control of reproduction and artificial insemination in goats. Reproduction in Domestic Animals = Zuchthygiene, 49(Suppl 4), 22–29. https://doi.org/10.1111/rda.12394 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Magotra, A., Bangar, Y. C., Chauhan, A., Malik, B. S. and Malik, Z. S. (2021a). Influence of maternal and additive genetic effects on offspring growth traits in Beetal goat. Reproduction in Domestic Animals, 56(7), 983–991. doi: 10.1111/rda.13940 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Magotra, A., Bangar, Y. C. and Yadav, A. S. (2021b). Growth curve modeling and genetic analysis of growth curve traits in Beetal goat. Small Ruminant Research, 195, 106300. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.106300 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Magotra, A., Bangar, Y. C. and Yadav, A. S. (2022). Neural network and Bayesian-based prediction of breeding values in Beetal goat. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 54(5), 282. doi: 10.1007/s11250-022-03294-5 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Melesse, A., Yemane, G., Tade, B., Dea, D., Kayamo, K., Abera, G., Mekasha, Y., Betsha, S. and Taye, M. (2022). Morphological characterization of indigenous goat population in Ethiopia using canonical discriminant analysis. Small Ruminant Research, 206, 106591. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2021.106591 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mellado, M., Garcia, J. E., Ledezma, R. and Mellado, J. (2004). Prediction of goat litter size using body measurements. Interciencia, 29(12), 698–701.Google Scholar
Mellado, M., Mellado, J., García, J. E. and López, R. (2005). Lifetime reproductive performance of goats as a function of growth traits and reproductive performance early in life. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 27(2), 113–116. doi: 10.1080/09712119.2005.9706552.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mohammadi, H., Moradi Shahrebabak, M. and Moradi Shahrebabak, H. (2012). Genetic parameter estimates for growth traits and prolificacy in Raeini Cashmere goats. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 44(6), 1213–1220. doi: 10.1007/s11250-011-0059-z CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mokhtari, M. S., Asadi Fozi, M., Gutierrez, J. P. and Notter, D. R. (2019). Genetic and phenotypic aspects of early reproductive performance in Raeini Cashmere goats. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 51(8), 2175–2180. doi: 10.1007/s11250-019-01915-0 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
NBAGR. (2022). Report of ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, India. Available from: https://nbagr.icar.gov.in/ Google Scholar
Pan, S., Biswas, C. K., Majumdar, D., SenGupta, D., Patra, A., Ghosh, S. and Haldar, A. (2015). Influence of age, body weight, parity and morphometric traits on litter size in prolific Black Bengal goats. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 43(1), 104–111. doi: 10.1080/09712119.2014.928623 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rashidi, A., Bishop, S. C. and Matika, O. (2011). Genetic parameter estimates for pre-weaning performance and reproduction traits in Markhoz goats. Small Ruminant Research, 100(2–3), 100–106. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2011.05.013 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rodero, E., González, A., Dorado-Moreno, M., Luque, M. M. and Hervás, C. (2015). Classification of goat genetic resources using morphological traits. Comparison of machine learning techniques with linear discriminant analysis. Livestock Science, 180, 14–21. doi: 10.1016/j.livsci.2015.06.028 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Selvan, A. S., Gupta, I. D., Verma, A., Chaudhari, M. V. and Magotra, A. (2016). Molecular characterization and combined genotype association study of bovine cluster of differentiation 14 gene with clinical mastitis in crossbred dairy cattle. Veterinary World, 9(7), 680–684. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2016.680-684 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Song, H. B., Jo, I. H. and Sol, H. S. (2006). Reproductive performance of Korean native goats under natural and intensive conditions. Small Ruminant Research, 65(3), 284–287. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2005.08.001 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yakubu, A., Salako, A. E., Imumorin, I. G., Ige, A. O. and Akinyemi, M. O. (2011). Discriminant analysis of morphometric differentiation in the West African Dwarf and Red Sokoto goats. South African Journal of Animal Science, 40(4), 381–387. doi: 10.4314/sajas.v40i4.65261 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zahraddeen, D., Butswat, I. S. and Mbap, S. T. (2008). Udder and teat traits as possible selection markers for milk yield in local goats of Nigeria. Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 7(1), 23–26. doi: 10.4314/gjass.v7i1.2353 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, C. Y., Zhang, Y., Xu, D. Q., Li, X., Su, J. and Yang, L. G. (2009). Genetic and phenotypic parameter estimates for growth traits in Boer goat. Livestock Science, 124(1–3), 66–71. doi: 10.1016/j.livsci.2008.12.010 CrossRefGoogle Scholar