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Glyphosate-Induced Weed Shifts in Glyphosate-Resistant Corn or a Rotation of Glyphosate-Resistant Corn, Sugarbeet, and Spring Wheat

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Robert G. Wilson ,
Stephen D. Miller ,
Philip Westra ,
Andrew R. Kniss ,
Phillip W. Stahlman ,
Gail W. Wicks  and
Stephen D. Kachman
Robert G. Wilson*
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska, Scottsbluff, NE 69361
Stephen D. Miller
Affiliation:
Plant Sciences Department, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071
Philip Westra
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences and Pest Management, Fort Collins, CO 80523
Andrew R. Kniss
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583
Phillip W. Stahlman
Affiliation:
Agricultural Research Center, Kansas State University, Hays, KS 67601
Gail W. Wicks
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska, North Platte, NE 69101, deceased
Stephen D. Kachman
Affiliation:
Department of Statistics, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: rwilson1@unl.edu
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Abstract

A field trial was conducted for 6 yr (1998 through 2003) at Scottsbluff, NE, to measure weed shifts following multiple applications of two rates of glyphosate or alternating glyphosate with nonglyphosate treatments in continuous corn or in a crop rotation of corn, sugarbeet, and spring wheat with all three crops resistant to glyphosate. After 6 yr, plant densities of common lambsquarters, redroot pigweed, hairy nightshade, and common purslane increased in the crop-rotation treatment compared with continuous corn. There were four weed control subplot treatments consisting of two in-crop applications of glyphosate at 0.4 or 0.8 kg ae/ha each spring, alternating two applications of glyphosate at 0.8 kg/ha one year with a nonglyphosate treatment the next year, or a nonglyphosate treatment each year. The composition of the weed population averaged across all four treatments shifted from kochia and wild proso millet to predominately common lambsquarters. After 3 yr of using glyphosate at 0.4 kg/ha twice each year, common lambsquarters density increased compared with that in the 0.8 kg/ha rate of glyphosate or alternating glyphosate treatments. By the sixth year, the density of common lambsquarters in the glyphosate at 0.4 kg/ha treatment had increased to the extent that corn grain yield was reduced 43% compared with corn grain yield in the 0.8 kg/ha glyphosate treatment. Using glyphosate at either rate for 6 yr decreased the densities of kochia, wild proso millet, and longspine sandbur, did not alter densities of redroot pigweed and green foxtail, and increased the density of hairy nightshade. In the low-rate treatment of glyphosate, the number of common lambsquarters seeds in the seed bank were 134 seeds/kg soil in 1998, declined to 15 seeds/kg by 2002, but began to increase in 2003 as the densities of plants not controlled by glyphosate increased.

Keywords

Glyphosatecommon lambsquarters, Chenopodium album L. CHEALcommon purslane, Portulaca oleracea L. POROLgreen foxtail, Setaria viridis (L.) P. Beauv. SETVIhairy nightshade, Solanum physalifolium Rusby SOLSAkochia, Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. KCHSClongspine sandbur, Cenchrus longispinus (Hack.) Fern. CCHPAredroot pigweed, Amaranthus retroflexus L. AMAREwild proso millet, Panicum miliaceum L. PANMIcorn, Zea mays L.spring wheat, Triticum aestivum L.sugarbeet, Beta vulgaris L.Alternating glyphosateseed bankweed shift
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 21 , Issue 4 , December 2007 , pp. 900 - 909
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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