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Transfer and Expression of ALS Inhibitor Resistance from Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) to an A. spinosus × A. palmeri Hybrid

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

William T. Molin ,
Vijay K. Nandula ,
Alice A. Wright  and
Jason A. Bond
William T. Molin*
Affiliation:
Crop Production Systems Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Stoneville, MS 38776
Vijay K. Nandula
Affiliation:
Crop Production Systems Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Stoneville, MS 38776
Alice A. Wright
Affiliation:
Crop Production Systems Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Stoneville, MS 38776
Jason A. Bond
Affiliation:
Delta Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS 38776
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: william.molin@ars.usda.gov
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Abstract

Transfer of herbicide resistance among closely related weed species is a topic of growing concern. A spiny amaranth × Palmer amaranth hybrid was confirmed resistant to several acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors including imazethapyr, nicosulfuron, pyrithiobac, and trifloxysulfuron. Enzyme assays indicated that the ALS enzyme was insensitive to pyrithiobac and sequencing revealed the presence of a known resistance conferring point mutation, Trp574Leu. Alignment of the ALS gene for Palmer amaranth, spiny amaranth, and putative hybrids revealed the presence of Palmer amaranth ALS sequence in the hybrids rather than spiny amaranth ALS sequences. In addition, sequence upstream of the ALS in the hybrids matched Palmer amaranth and not spiny amaranth. The potential for transfer of ALS inhibitor resistance by hybridization has been demonstrated in the greenhouse and in field experiments. This is the first report of gene transfer for ALS inhibitor resistance documented to occur in the field without artificial/human intervention. These results highlight the need to control related species in both field and surrounding noncrop areas to avoid interspecific transfer of resistance genes.

Keywords

ImazethapyrnicosulfuronpyrithiobactrifloxysulfuronPalmer amaranth Amaranthus palmeri S. Watsspiny amaranth (Amaranthus spinosus L.)Acetolactate synthaseALS enzymecross resistancehybridmutation
Type
Physiology/Chemistry/Biochemistry
Information
Weed Science , Volume 64 , Issue 2 , June 2016 , pp. 240 - 247
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

Associate editor for this paper: Chris Preston, University of Adelaide.

References

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