Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-nmvwc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-04T22:54:43.105Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Temporal and spatial distributions of velvetleaf seedlings after 1 year's seeding

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Jianhua Zhang  and
Allan S. Hamill
Allan S. Hamill
Affiliation:
Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Harrow, Ontario, Canada N0R 1G0
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Two separate experiments were conducted from 1974 through 1980 and from 1976 through 1982 at an experimental farm in southwestern Ontario, Canada, to determine the pattern of temporal and spatial distributions of velvetleaf seedlings from seed produced by uncontrolled plants. For each experiment, a soybean field with no previous record of velvetleaf infestation was selected and planted with four patches of 10 velvetleaf plants. The plants were allowed to grow to reproductive maturity for 1 yr, and the density and spatial distribution of velvetleaf seedlings within the field were mapped over the next 6 yr. Although velvetleaf seedlings emerged each year after seeding, the highest percentage emerged the second year after seeding. Velvetleaf seedlings emerged at locations with or without a seeding plant, but a high density of emerged seedlings was often observed at locations some distance away from the seeding plants. The results suggest that under conventional harvesting methods there may not always be a close spatial relationship between the distribution of parent plants and their offspring, depending on the scale of the land and biotic and abiotic environmental conditions.

Keywords

Velvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti MedikusdazometSeedling emergenceseedbank depletionspatial distribution
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 46 , Issue 4 , August 1998 , pp. 414 - 418
Copyright
Copyright © 1998 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Present address: Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Loftsgard Hall, P.O. Box 5051, Fargo, ND 58105-5051; jzhang@badlands.edu

References

Literature Cited

Bauer, T. A. and Mortensen, D. A. 1992. Comparisons of economic and economic optimum thresholds for two annual weeds in soybeans. Weed Technol. 6: 228–235.Google Scholar
Clements, D. R., Benoit, D. L., Murphy, S. D., and Swanton, C. J. 1996. Tillage effects on weed seed return and seedbank composition. Weed Sci. 44: 314–322.Google Scholar
Cousens, R. 1987. Theory and reality of weed control thresholds. Plant Prot. Q. 2: 13–20.Google Scholar
Eastman, J. R. 1995. User's Guide Version 1.0. Idrisi for Windows. Worcester, MA: IDRISI Production, Clark University. 386 p.Google Scholar
Egley, G. H. and Chandler, J. M. 1978. Germination and viability of weed seeds after 2.5 years in a 50–year buried seed study. Weed Sci. 26: 230–239.Google Scholar
Egley, G. H. and Williams, R. D. 1990. Decline of weed seeds and seedling emergence over five years as affected by soil disturbances. Weed Sci. 38: 504–510.Google Scholar
Fenner, M. 1985. Seed Ecology. New York: Chapman and Hall, pp. 38, 58, 87.Google Scholar
Gerhards, R., Wyse-Pester, D. Y., Mortensen, D., and Johnson, G. A. 1997. Characterizing spatial stability of weed populations using interpolated maps. Weed Sci. 45: 108–119.Google Scholar
Hall, M. R., Swanton, C. J., and Anderson, G. W. 1992. The critical period of weed control in grain corn (Zea mays). Weed Sci. 40: 441–447.Google Scholar
Harper, J. L. 1977. Population Biology of Plants. New York: Academic Press, pp. 36–42, 111–113, 123–132.Google Scholar
Hartzler, R. G. 1996. Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) population dynamics following a single year's seed rain. Weed Technol. 10: 581–586.Google Scholar
Hartzler, R. G. and Roth, G. W. 1993. Effect of prior year's weed control on herbicide effectiveness in corn (Zea mays). Weed Technol. 7: 611–614.Google Scholar
Lueschen, W. E., Andersen, R. N., Hoverstad, T. R., and Kanne, B. K. 1993. Seventeen years of cropping systems and tillage affect velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) seed longevity. Weed Sci. 41: 82–86.Google Scholar
Maxwell, B. D. and Ghersa, C. 1992. The influence of weed seed dispersion versus the effect of competition on crop yield. Weed Technol. 6: 196–204.Google Scholar
McCanny, S. J. and Cavers, P. B. 1988. Spread of proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) in Ontario, Canada. II. Dispersal by combines. Weed Res. 28: 67–72.Google Scholar
Stoller, E. W. and Wax, L. M. 1974. Dormancy changes and fate of some annual weed seeds in the soil. Weed Sci. 22: 151–155.Google Scholar
Van Acker, R. C., Swanton, C. J., and Weise, S. 1993. The critical period of weed control in soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merr]. Weed Sci. 41: 194–200.Google Scholar
Warwick, S. I. and Black, L. D. 1988. The biology of Canadian weeds. 90. Abutilon theophrasti . Can. J. Plant Sci. 68: 1069–1085.Google Scholar
Zhang, J. and Hamill, A. S. 1996. Responses of Abutilon theophrasti to agricultural management systems. Weed Res. 36: 471–481.Google Scholar
Zimdahl, R. L. 1988. The concept and application of the critical weed-free period. Pages 145-156 in Altieri, M. A. and Liebman, M., eds. Weed Management in Agroecosystems: Ecological Approaches. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.Google Scholar