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Surveys of weed management on flooded rice yields in southern Brazil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 December 2021

Anelise L. Silva Open the ORCID record for Anelise L. Silva [Opens in a new window] ,
Nereu A. Streck ,
Alencar J. Zanon Open the ORCID record for Alencar J. Zanon [Opens in a new window] ,
Giovana G. Ribas Open the ORCID record for Giovana G. Ribas [Opens in a new window] ,
Bruno L. Fruet  and
André R. Ulguim Open the ORCID record for André R. Ulguim [Opens in a new window]
Anelise L. Silva
Affiliation:
Graduate Student, Agronomy Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
Nereu A. Streck
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
Alencar J. Zanon
Affiliation:
Professor, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
Giovana G. Ribas
Affiliation:
Graduate Student, Agronomy Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
Bruno L. Fruet
Affiliation:
Undergraduate Student, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
André R. Ulguim*
Affiliation:
Professor, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
*
Author for correspondence: André R. Ulguim, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), 1000 Roraima Avenue, 97105-900, Santa Maria, Brazil. Email: andre.ulguim@ufsm.br
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Abstract

One of the main limiting factors for high yields of flooded rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the presence of weeds, especially herbicide-resistant weeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of weed management practices adopted by flooded rice farmers in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil, with grain yield. For this purpose, 324 interview surveys were administered to farmers who supplied information about the history of weed management and yields. The answers to the survey indicated that weedy rice (Oryza sativa L.) and Echinochloa spp. were the most important weeds that occurred in flooded rice areas in RS. Advanced growth stage of weeds and inadequate environmental conditions such as air temperature and relative humidity were listed as the main reasons for low weed control efficacy. Farmers achieved greater rice yields when they adopted rice–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] (9,140 kg ha−1 average yield) and herbicide site of action rotations (8,801 kg ha−1 average yield) along with tank mixes (8,580 kg ha−1 average yield) as specific management practices for resistant weed control. The use of glyphosate with residual herbicides in a tank mix in the rice spiking stage is the main factor related to greater yields. The postemergence applications and their relationship to delaying of flooding in rice is a factor that reduces rice yield when no spiking glyphosate application was made. Identification of the most important weeds in terms of occurrence and knowledge of the main agronomic practices adopted by farmers are essential so that recommendations for integrated management practices can be adopted in an increasingly accurate and sustainable manner in flooded rice areas in southern Brazil.

Keywords

Farmersintegrated weed managementOryza sativa L.resistanceyield gap
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 70 , Issue 2 , March 2022 , pp. 249 - 258
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Weed Science Society of America

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Bhagirath Chauhan, The University of Queensland

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