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Sumatran fleabane (Conyza sumatrensis) resistant to PSI-inhibiting herbicides and physiological responses to paraquat

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 November 2021

Jéssica F. L. Leal Open the ORCID record for Jéssica F. L. Leal [Opens in a new window] ,
Amanda dos S. Souza Open the ORCID record for Amanda dos S. Souza [Opens in a new window] ,
Junior Borella Open the ORCID record for Junior Borella [Opens in a new window] ,
André Lucas S. Araujo Open the ORCID record for André Lucas S. Araujo [Opens in a new window] ,
Ana Claudia Langaro Open the ORCID record for Ana Claudia Langaro [Opens in a new window] ,
Ana Carolina Chapeta Open the ORCID record for Ana Carolina Chapeta [Opens in a new window] ,
Eduardo S. Amorim Open the ORCID record for Eduardo S. Amorim [Opens in a new window] ,
Gabriela S. Silva Open the ORCID record for Gabriela S. Silva [Opens in a new window] ,
Sarah Morran Open the ORCID record for Sarah Morran [Opens in a new window]  and
Luiz Henrique S. Zobiole Open the ORCID record for Luiz Henrique S. Zobiole [Opens in a new window]
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Jéssica F. L. Leal
Affiliation:
Ph.D Student, Department of Crop Science, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro–UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
Amanda dos S. Souza
Affiliation:
Ph.D Student, Department of Crop Science, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro–UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
Junior Borella
Affiliation:
Professor, Federal University of Rio Grande–FURG, Institute of Biological Science, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil Postdoctoral Research Associate, Department of Crop Science, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro–UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
André Lucas S. Araujo
Affiliation:
Student, Department of Crop Science, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro–UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
Ana Claudia Langaro
Affiliation:
Postdoctoral Research Associate, Department of Crop Science, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro–UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
Ana Carolina Chapeta
Affiliation:
Ph.D Student, Department of Crop Science, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro–UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
Eduardo S. Amorim
Affiliation:
Student, Department of Crop Science, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro–UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
Gabriela S. Silva
Affiliation:
Ph.D Student, Department of Crop Science, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro–UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
Sarah Morran
Affiliation:
Research Associate, Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
Luiz Henrique S. Zobiole
Affiliation:
Field Scientist, Corteva Agriscience, São Paulo, Brazil
Todd A. Gaines
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
Camila F. de Pinho*
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Crop Science, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro–UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
*
Author for correspondence: Camila F. de Pinho, Department of Crop Science, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro–UFRRJ, BR-465 Km 7 Seropédica, RJ23.890-000, Brazil. (Email: camilafepi@hotmail.com)
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Abstract

Herbicide-resistant weed management is one of the greatest agricultural challenges in crop production. Thus, the quick identification of herbicide-resistant weeds is extremely important for management. This study aimed to evaluate resistance to PSI-inhibiting herbicides (diquat) and physiological response to paraquat application in Sumatran fleabane [Conyza sumatrensis (Retz.) E. Walker; syn.: Erigeron sumatrensis Retz.]. The research was conducted with two C. sumatrensis biotypes, one susceptible and the other with multiple resistance to herbicides from five different modes of action (glyphosate, paraquat, diuron, saflufenacil, and 2,4-D). A dose–response assay was carried out to evaluate herbicide resistance to diquat in the paraquat-resistant C. sumatrensis biotype. The enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, and chlorophyll a (Chl a) fluorescence were measured in both biotypes after paraquat (400 g ai ha−1) application. The dose–response assay confirmed resistance of C. sumatrensis to diquat with resistance factor levels of 26-fold and 6-fold for LD50 and GR50 values, respectively, compared with the susceptible biotype. Accumulation of H2O2 occurred more rapidly in the paraquat-susceptible biotype than in the resistant one. Paraquat treatment caused an increase in SOD and APX activity in the susceptible biotype, but antioxidant enzyme activities were unaffected by paraquat in the resistant one at 5 h after application (HAA). Chl a fluorescence increased across the first 4 HAA in both resistant and susceptible biotypes. However, at 24 HAA, the resistant biotype showed a decline in fluorescence close to untreated plants, while the susceptible biotype died, confirming resistance to diquat in the paraquat-resistant C. sumatrensis biotype. The paraquat-resistant biotype does not induce antioxidative enzymes, as a possible mechanism of resistance to paraquat, but shows rapid recovery of photosynthesis and continuous growth when subjected to paraquat, while the paraquat-susceptible biotype does not survive.

Keywords

Chlorophyll a fluorescencediquatErigeron sumatrensisoxidative damageweed resistance
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 70 , Issue 1 , January 2022 , pp. 46 - 54
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Weed Science Society of America

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Mithila Jugulam, Kansas State University

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