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Resistance Allele Movement between Imazamox-Resistant Wheat and Jointed Goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) in Eastern Oregon Wheat Fields

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Bianca A. B. Martins ,
Luna Sun  and
Carol Mallory-Smith
Bianca A. B. Martins*
Affiliation:
Crop and Soil Science Department, Oregon State University, 107 Crop Science Building, Corvallis, OR, 97331
Luna Sun
Affiliation:
Statistics Department, Oregon State University, 44 Kidder Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97331
Carol Mallory-Smith
Affiliation:
Crop and Soil Science Department, Oregon State University, 107 Crop Science Building, Corvallis, OR, 97331
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: m.babmarti@gmail.com
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Abstract

Imazamox-resistant wheat varieties carry the Imi1 allele, which confers resistance to the imidazolinone (IMI) herbicide imazamox. This resistance trait allows the selective control of jointed goatgrass, a difficult-to-control winter annual grass weed. Allele movement between IMI-resistant wheat and jointed goatgrass may occur via hybridization and backcross events. Hybrids (F1) of IMI-resistant wheat and jointed goatgrass were identified in 2008 in a commercial wheat field in Eastern Oregon. In 2009 and 2010, surveys were conducted in Eastern Oregon to determine the prevalence of the Imi1 allele in wheat × jointed goatgrass hybrids. Using polymerase chain reaction assays we detected the presence of the Imi1 allele. A total of 128 sites were surveyed over the 2 yr. Of 1,548 plants sampled, 1,100 were positive for the Imi1 alelle and of those, 1,087 were heterozygous and 13 were homozygous for the allele. We assessed hybrid yield components and how these components varied across the sampled sites. The association between the proportion of IMI-resistant hybrids and the area or management practice in the commercial fields was determined. Nonagricultural sites or production of IMI-resistant wheat in consecutive years were two factors associated with a greater proportion of IMI-resistant hybrids. Our results demonstrate that the Imi1 allele is moving from IMI-resistant wheat to jointed goatgrass, producing resistant hybrids and backcross plants. This is the first report of natural occurrence of IMI-resistant backcross plants in commercial wheat fields. Therefore, it is important to implement field management practices that reduce IMI-resistant hybrid production and to effectively manage nonagricultural areas with jointed goatgrass infestations to prevent introgression of the IMI-resistance allele.

Keywords

Imazamoxjointed goatgrass, Aegilops cylindrica Host.winter wheat, Triticum aestivum L.Acetolactate synthaseALS resistancegene flowintrogression
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 63 , Issue 4 , December 2015 , pp. 855 - 863
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

Current address: Weed Management and Herbicide Dynamics Laboratory, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA) Maize and Sorghum, Crop Protection Sector, Rod. MG 424 km45, P.O. box 151, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil.

Associate Editor for this paper: William Vencill, University of Georgia.

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