Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-cnmwb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-17T04:33:53.152Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Progressive Kill of Rhizomatous Johnsongrass (Sorghum Halepense) from Repeated Treatment with Dalapon, MSMA, or Asulam

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Rex W. Millhollon
Rex W. Millhollon*
Affiliation:
Agric. Res. Serv., U.S. Dep. Agric., U.S. Sugarcane Field Lab., Houma, LA 70361
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Space-planted johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. ♯ SORHA] was clipped back to a height of 26 cm after flowering and, when 45 to 61 cm in height, was treated with various rates of the sodium salt of dalapon (2,2-dichloropropionic acid), MSMA (monosodium methanearsonate), or the sodium salt of asulam (methylsulfanilylcarbamate). Treatments were reapplied as needed during the growing season whenever a majority of surviving plants in a plot had initiated new foliar growth. Most plants were not killed by a single application of any herbicide, although rhizome development, as measured by the number of rhizome buds, was inhibited by the initial herbicide treatments. MSMA at 4.5 kg ai/ha was more phytotoxic to johnsongrass than other herbicide treatments or MSMA at 2.3 kg ai/ha; a single application at the higher rate reduced the original number of rhizome buds on plants by 50 to 60%, and two applications killed 86 to 93% of the plants. Asulam at 4.5 and 6.7 kg ae/ha and dalapon at 6.7 and 9.0 kg ae/ha primarily controlled plants by inhibiting growth for an extended period. After two or three applications of asulam or dalapon at 6.7 kg ae/ha, only about 40% of the plants had been killed, but the original number of rhizome buds on surviving plants had been reduced by about 80%.

Keywords

Foliar treatmentssystemic herbicidesherbicide translocationsugarcane herbicidesSORHA
Type
Weed Control and Herbicide Technology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 33 , Issue 2 , March 1985 , pp. 216 - 221
Copyright
Copyright © 1985 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Ashton, F. M. and Crafts, A. S. 1981. Mode of Action of Herbicides. John Wiley and Sons, New York.Google Scholar
2. Association of Official Agricultural Chemists, 1965. Official Methods of Analysis, 10th ed. Assoc. Offic. Agric. Chem., Washington, DC.Google Scholar
3. Catchpole, A. H. and Hibbitt, C. J. 1972. Studies on the retention, penetration and translocation of asulam in some perennial weed species. Proc. 11th Br. Crop Prot. Council: 77–83.Google Scholar
4. Foy, C. L. 1975. The chlorinated aliphatic acids. Pages 399–452 in Kearney, P. C. and Kaufman, D. D., eds. Herbicides, Vol. I. Marcel Dekker, New York.Google Scholar
5. Hamilton, K. C. 1969. Repeated foliar applications of herbicides on johnsongrass. Weed Sci. 17:245–250.Google Scholar
6. Hull, R. J. 1969. Translocation of assimilates and dalapon in established johnsongrass. Weed Sci. 17:314–320.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7. Ingle, M. and Rogers, B. J. 1961. Some physiological effects of 2,2-dichloropropionic acid. Weeds 9:264–272.Google Scholar
8. Kogan, M. and Araya, A. 1974. Translocation of methylarsonate (MSMA) in Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. and its effect on rhizome and root production. Assoc. Latinoam. Malezas, 2nd Congress: 76–77.Google Scholar
9. McWhorter, C. G. and Jordan, T. N. 1976. Factors affecting dalapon absorption and translocation in johnsongrass. Physiol. Plant. 38:166–170.Google Scholar
10. Millhollon, R. W. 1970. MSMA for johnsongrass control in sugarcane. Weed Sci. 18:333–336.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11. Millhollon, R. W. 1976. Asulam for johnsongrass control in sugarcane. Weed Sci. 24:496–499.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12. Millhollon, R. W. and Matherne, R. J. 1969. Tolerance of sugarcane varieties to herbicides. Weed Sci. 17:370–373.CrossRefGoogle Scholar