Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-pjpqr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-30T13:13:15.514Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Potential Controlled-Release Herbicides from 2,4-D Esters of Starches

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

C. L. Mehltretter ,
W. B. Roth ,
F. B. Weakley ,
T. A. McGuire  and
C. R. Russell
C. L. Mehltretter
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. of Agr., N. Reg. Res. Lab., Peoria, IL 61604
W. B. Roth
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. of Agr., N. Reg. Res. Lab., Peoria, IL 61604
F. B. Weakley
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. of Agr., N. Reg. Res. Lab., Peoria, IL 61604
T. A. McGuire
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. of Agr., N. Reg. Res. Lab., Peoria, IL 61604
C. R. Russell
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. of Agr., N. Reg. Res. Lab., Peoria, IL 61604
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Unmodified, cyanoethylated, and crosslinked corn starches were reacted with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetyl chloride in pyridine to produce the corresponding 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid]esters of high acyl content. Hydrolysis studies at pH 6 and 8 at ambient temperature showed that these insoluble compositions liberated varying amounts of 2,4-D and soluble 2,4-D esters by ester link and glucoside bond cleavage, respectively, at rates that indicate their possible use as controlled-release herbicides.

Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 22 , Issue 5 , September 1974 , pp. 415 - 418
Copyright
Copyright © 1974 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Allan, G.G. and Halabisky, D.D., 1971. Fibre surface modification. XI. The covalent attachment of fungicides to lignocellulosic fibres. J. Appl. Chem. Biotechnol. 21:190–193.Google Scholar
2. Allan, G.G., Chopra, C.S., Neogi, A.N., and Wilkins, R.M. 1971. Controlled release pesticides. Part II. The synthesis of herbicides. Forest solid waste combinations. Tappi 54:1293–1294.Google Scholar
3. Allan, G.G., Chopra, C.S., Friedhoff, J.F., Gora, R.I., Maggi, M.W., Neogi, A.N., Roberts, S.C., and Wilkins, R.M. 1973. Pesticides, pollution and polymers. Chem. Technol. March: 171–178.Google Scholar
4. Anonymous. 1972. Scientists show indexes of pollution. Chem. Eng. News 50(2):33, 35.Google Scholar
5. Clark, W.M. 1928. The determination of hydrogen ions. 3rd Edition, p. 200. The Williams and Wilkins Co., Baltimore, MD.Google Scholar
6. Crafts, A.S. 1960. Evidence for hydrolysis of esters of 2,4-D during absorption by plants. Weeds 8:19–25.Google Scholar
7. Crosby, D.G. 1970. Pestic. Soil: Ecol. Degradation Movement, Int. Symp. 88 pp.Google Scholar
8. Hamerstrand, G.E., Hofreiter, B.T., and Mehltretter, C.L. 1960. Determination of the extent of reactions between epichlorohydrin and starch. Cereal Chem. 37:519–524.Google Scholar
9. Klingman, D.L., Gordon, C.H., Yip, G., and Burchfield, H.P. 1966. Residues in the forage and in milk from cows grazing forage treated with esters of 2,4-D. Weeds 14:164–170.Google Scholar
10. Morre, D.J. and Rogers, B.J. 1960. The fate of long chain esters of 2,4-D in plants. Weeds 8:436–447.Google Scholar
11. Roberts, H.J. 1967. Page 321 in Whistler, R. L. and Paschall, E. F., eds. Starch: Chemistry and technology. Vol. II, Academic Press, NY.Google Scholar
12. Rockett, J. 1960. Esters of 2-mercaptopyridine N-oxide. U.S. Patent 2,922,792.Google Scholar
13. Samples, T.E. 1958. Cyanoethyl ethers of starch. Australian Patent 214,534.Google Scholar
14. Swann, R.L. and Gentry, W.M. 1971. Determination of residue of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4,5-trichiorophenoxyacetic acid, 2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy) propionic acid, and 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid in grass by gas chromatography. Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI, Publication ACR 71.17.Google Scholar
15. Szabo, S.S. 1963. The hydrolysis of esters by bean and corn plants. Weeds 11:292–294.Google Scholar
16. Whistler, R.L. 1945. Preparation and properties of starch esters. Advan. Carbohyd. Chem. 1:279–307.Google Scholar
17. Weaver, M.O., Gugliemelli, L.A., Doane, W.M., and Russell, C.R. 1971. Hydrolyzed starch-polyacrylonitrile graft copolymers: Effect of structure and properties. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 15:3015–3024.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18. Yeates, T.E., Carr, M.E., Mehltretter, C.L., and Hofreiter, B.T. 1965. Cyanoethylated starches and dextrins as coating adhesives. Tappi 48:509–512.Google Scholar