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Effects of Chlorsulfuron on Rhizobium Grown in Pure Culture and in Symbiosis with Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and Red Clover (Trifolium pratense)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Anna M. Mårtensson  and
Åsa K. Nilsson
Anna M. Mårtensson
Affiliation:
Dep. Soil Sciences, Swedish Univ. Agric. Sciences, Box 7014, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
Åsa K. Nilsson
Affiliation:
Dep. Microbiol., Swedish Univ. Agric. Sciences, Box 7025, S-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
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Abstract

The effect of chlorsulfuron on growth, infective ability, and symbiotic performance of legume bacteria was investigated. Bacterial growth in pure culture was unaffected by the addition of 0.55 and 5.5 μM chlorsulfuron. Early root hair infections of alfalfa by bacteria were inhibited by chlorsulfuron at 0.28 pM but not at 0.0028 pM in the root media. Inhibition of infection resulted from herbicidal effects on the root hair development. When inoculated red clover and alfalfa plants were grown in aseptic cultures in the presence of 0, 5.5, or 55 μM of chlorsulfuron, only 55 μM of herbicide inhibited the development and nodulation of plants. Early emergence and growth of alfalfa plants in soil supplemented with 2 × 10-6, 2 × 10-3, 2, 4, and 8 g/ha of chlorsulfuron were unaffected. However, 5 to 8 days after emergence plants grown in soil supplemented with 4 or 8 g/ha of chlorsulfuron were severely damaged, with no nodules developed. Nodulation occurred in plants grown in soil containing 2 × 10-3, 3 × 10-6, and 2 g/ha chlorsulfuron, but the nitrogenase activity of the nodules of these plants was less than for control plants. Plants grown in soil containing 2 g/ha of chlorsulfuron developed normally only after an initial growth inhibition of 5 to 6 weeks. The inhibition of nodulation and nitrogenase activity of nodules grown in the presence of chlorsulfuron is probably due to adverse effects of the herbicide on plant growth and development rather than on the rhizobia.

Keywords

Chlorsulfuron, 2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino] carbonyl] benzenesulfonamidealfalfa, Medicago sativa ‘Vertus’red clover, Trifolium pratense ‘Britta’Herbicidesnitrogen fixationroot hair infectionGlean®
Type
Soil, Air, and Water
Information
Weed Science , Volume 37 , Issue 3 , May 1989 , pp. 445 - 450
Copyright
Copyright © 1989 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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