Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-sjtt6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-26T19:39:15.040Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of Droplet Size and Herbicide Concentration on Absorption and Translocation of 14C-2,4-D in Oriental Mustard (Sisymbrium orientate)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Thomas M. Wolf ,
Brian C. Caldwell ,
Gordon I. Mcintyre  and
Andrew I. Hsiao
Thomas M. Wolf
Affiliation:
Agric. Canada Res. Stn., P.O. Box 440, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4P 3A2
Brian C. Caldwell
Affiliation:
Agric. Canada Res. Stn., P.O. Box 440, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4P 3A2
Gordon I. Mcintyre
Affiliation:
Agric. Canada Res. Stn., P.O. Box 440, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4P 3A2
Andrew I. Hsiao
Affiliation:
Agric. Canada Res. Stn., P.O. Box 440, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4P 3A2
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Individual droplets of 14C-2,4-D dimethylamine (DMA) were applied to oriental mustard seedlings to determine the effect of droplet size and herbicide concentration on absorption and translocation 1 or 3 d after application. Absorption of 14C-2,4-D was generally not affected by droplet size which ranged from 198 to 2760 μm. However, the percentage of absorbed 14C-2,4-D that was translocated away from the treated leaf increased as droplet size decreased. Absorption of 14C-2,4-D either increased slightly or was not affected by increased herbicide concentration, but translocation of absorbed 14C-2,4-D was reduced as herbicide concentration increased. Absorption and translocation of 14C-2,4-D DMA were reduced when applied after a drop of 21.3 mM commercially formulated 2,4-D had been applied at the same location on the leaf. These results indicate that large amounts of 2,4-D, either in the form of large droplets or a more concentrated herbicide solution, inhibit translocation of 2,4-D from oriental mustard leaves.

Keywords

2,4-D, (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acidoriental mustard, Sisymbrium orientale Torn. #3 SSYORLocalized damagedroplet generator
Type
Weed Control and Herbicide Technology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 40 , Issue 4 , December 1992 , pp. 568 - 575
Copyright
Copyright © 1992 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Bailey, R. J. and Smartt, A. 1976. The results of a controlled drop application technique for herbicides in cereals. Proc. Br. Crop Prot. Conf.—Weeds 13:383–389.Google Scholar
2. Behrens, R. 1957. Influence of various components on the effectiveness of 2,4,5-T sprays. Weeds 5:183–196.Google Scholar
3. Boerboom, C. M. and Wyse, D. L. 1988. Influence of glyphosate concentration on glyphosate absorption and translocation in Canada thistle. Weed Sci. 36:291–295.Google Scholar
4. Buhler, D. D. and Burnside, O. C. 1984. Effect of application factors on postemergence phytotoxicity of fluazifop-butyl, haloxyfop-methyl, and sethoxydim. Weed Sci. 32:574–583.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5. Buhler, D. D. and Burnside, O. C. 1987. Effects of application variables on glyphosate phytotoxicity. Weed Technol. 1:14–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6. Coupland, D. 1989. Factors affecting the phloem translocation of foliage applied herbicides. Pestic. Sci. 25:323–325.Google Scholar
7. Cranmer, J. R. and Linscott, D. L. 1991. Effects of droplet composition on glyphosate absorption and translocation in velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti). Weed Sci. 39:251–254.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8. Davidson, J. D., Oliverio, V. T., and Peterson, J. I. 1970. Combustion of samples for liquid scintillation counting. Pages 222–234 in Bransome, F. D., ed. The Current Status of Liquid Scintillation Counting. Grume and Stratton, Inc., New York.Google Scholar
9. Douglas, G. 1968. The influence of size of spray droplets on the herbicidal activity of diquat and paraquat. Weed Res. 8:205–212.Google Scholar
10. Ennis, W. B. and Williamson, R. E. 1963. Influence of droplet size on effectiveness of low-volume herbicidal sprays. Weeds 11:67–72.Google Scholar
11. Fisher, C. E. and Young, D. W. 1950. The effect of herbicide droplet size on the control of mesquite when applied by airplane equipment. Proc. North Cent. Weed Control Conf. 7:84–86.Google Scholar
12. Greenham, C. G. 1962. Studies on herbicide contents in roots of skeleton weed (Chondrilla juncea L.). Aust. J. Agric. Res. 13:624–637.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13. Greenham, C. G. 1973. Investigations on skeleton weed (Chondrilla juncea L.) with picloram and 2,4-D. Weed Res. 13:143–253.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14. Kudsk, P. 1988. The influence of volume rates on the activity of glyphosate and difenzoquat assessed by a parallel-line assay technique. Pestic. Sci. 24:21–29.Google Scholar
15. Lake, J. R. 1977. The effect of drop size and velocity on the performance of agricultural sprays. Pestic. Sci. 8:515–520.Google Scholar
16. Leonard, O. A., Donaldson, T. W., and Bayer, D. E. 1968. Translocation of labelled assimilates into and out of bean leaves as affected by 2,4-D and benzyl adenine. Bot. Gaz. 129:266–279.Google Scholar
17. MacIsaac, S. A., Paul, R. N., and Devine, M. D. 1991. A scanning electron microscope study of glyphosate deposits in relation to foliar uptake. Pestic. Sci. 31:53–54.Google Scholar
18. McKinlay, K. S., Ashford, R., and Ford, R. J. 1974. Effects of drop size, spray volume, and dosage on paraquat toxicity. Weed Sci. 22:31–34.Google Scholar
19. McKinlay, K. S., Brandt, S. A., Morse, R., and Ashford, R. 1972. Droplet size and phytotoxicity of herbicides. Weed Sci. 20:450–452.Google Scholar
20. Merritt, C. R. 1982. The influence of form of deposit on the phytotoxicity of difenzoquat applied as individual drops to Avena fatua . Ann. Appl. Biol. 101:517–525.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21. Merritt, C. R. 1982. The influence of form of deposit on the phytotoxicity of MCPA, paraquat and glyphosate applied as individual drops. Ann. Appl. Biol. 101:527–532.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22. Richardson, R. G. 1983. Effect of droplet size and spacing on control of weeds with 2,4-D. Aust. Weeds 2:133–136.Google Scholar
23. Robertson, M. M. and Kirkwood, R. C. 1970. The mode of action of foliage applied translocated herbicides with particular reference to the phenoxy-acid compounds. II. The mechanism and factors influencing translocation, metabolism and biochemical inhibition. Weed Res. 10:94–120.Google Scholar
24. Smeda, R. J. and Putnam, A. R. 1989. Effect of adjuvant concentration and carrier volume on large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) control with fluazifop. Weed Technol. 3:105–109.Google Scholar
25. Smith, H. H. 1946. Quantitative aspects of aqueous-spray applications of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid for herbicidal purposes. Bot. Gaz. 107:544–551.Google Scholar
26. Stevens, P.J.G. and Bukovac, M. J. 1987. Effects of spray application parameters on foliar uptake and translocation of daminozide and 2,4-D-triethanolamine in Vicia faba . Crop Prot. 6:163–170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
27. Vega, M. R. and Obien, S. R. 1963. The influence of droplet size on the effects of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) on rice and weeds. Philipp. Agric. 47:321–327.Google Scholar
28. Way, J. M. 1969. Some effects of droplet size and position on the response of lettuce to sub-lethal doses of MCPA. Weed Res. 9:272–278.CrossRefGoogle Scholar