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Effect of Crop Residue on Seedling Emergence and Growth of Selected Weed Species in a Sprinkler-Irrigated Zero-Till Dry-Seeded Rice System

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Bhagirath S. Chauhan  and
Seth B. Abugho
Bhagirath S. Chauhan*
Affiliation:
Crop and Environmental Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
Seth B. Abugho
Affiliation:
Crop and Environmental Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
*
Corresponding author's e-mail: b.chauhan@irri.org
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Abstract

Crop residues acting as mulches can influence weed seedling emergence and weed biomass. A field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of rice residue amounts (0, 3, and 6 t ha−1) on seedling emergence of eight weed species in zero-till dry-seeded rice. The highest seedling emergence of spiny amaranth, southern crabgrass, crowfootgrass, junglerice, eclipta, goosegrass, and Chinese sprangletop was observed in the absence of residue. Seedling emergence of these weeds declined with increasing residue amounts; however, the greatest and most substantial reductions in emergence occurred with 6 t ha−1 of residue. The presence of residue also resulted in less weed biomass than with the no-residue treatment. The emergence and biomass of threelobe morningglory seedlings, however, were not influenced by residue amounts. The use of residue also increased the time taken to reach 50% of maximum emergence for some species, for example, spiny amaranth and Chinese sprangletop. The results of our study suggest that the use of residue at high rates can help suppress seedling emergence and growth of many weeds. However, there is a need to integrate other weed management strategies with residue retention to achieve season-long weed control.

Keywords

Spiny amaranth, Amaranthus spinosus L. AMASPcrowfootgrass, Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd. DTTAEsouthern crabgrass, Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koel. DIGSPjunglerice, Echinochloa colona (L.) Link, ECHCOeclipta, Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. ECLALgoosegrass, Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. ELEINthreelobe morningglory, Ipomoea triloba L. IPOTRChinese sprangletop, Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees. LEFCHrice, Oryza sativa LAsiamulchriceweed emergencezero-till
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 61 , Issue 3 , September 2013 , pp. 403 - 409
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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