Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-vpsfw Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-20T08:30:38.306Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Clopyralid effects on yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis) and nontarget species

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Kimberly J. Reever Morghan ,
Elizabeth A. Leger  and
Kevin J. Rice
Kimberly J. Reever Morghan
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Range Science, University of California–Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616
Kevin J. Rice
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Range Science, and Center for Population Biology, University of California–Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Yellow starthistle is a problematic invasive plant in the western United States. Attempts to control it often include the use of herbicides although herbicides can have detrimental effects on desired native species. We studied the effect of clopyralid on a native bunchgrass and vernal pool community in the Central Valley of California. Areas invaded by yellow starthistle were treated with clopyralid, and the presence and cover of all species was monitored for 2 yr. There were significant differences in species cover between treated and untreated plots 2 yr after treatment (P = 0.0001). These included a decline in cover of yellow starthistle and other native and exotic members of the Asteraceae and Apiaceae families in both years and a decline of exotic members of the Fabaceae family in the second year. There also were decreases in the frequency of the Asteraceae (P < 0.0001), Apiaceae (P < 0.05), Fabaceae (P < 0.05), and Polygonaceae (P < 0.05) families 1 yr after treatment, and the Asteraceae (P < 0.05) and Fabaceae (P < 0.05) families 2 yr after treatment. We also observed a significant negative effect of clopyralid on fecundity measures of a native Viola species during the first year of application (P = 0.0074). This effect did not persist into the second year, when violets were more common and produced more flowers in treated plots (0.02 < P < 0.05).

Keywords

Clopyralidyellow starthistle, Centaurea solstitialis L. CENSONative speciesnontarget effectscommunity restorationresidual activityViolaceae
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 51 , Issue 4 , August 2003 , pp. 596 - 600
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Benefield, C. B., DiTomaso, J. M., Kyser, G. B., Orloff, S. B., Churches, K. R., Marcum, D. B., and Nader, G. A. 1999. Success of mowing to control yellow starthistle depends on timing and plant's branching form. Calif. Agric. 53:17–21.Google Scholar
Benefield, C. B., Schoenig, S., Sohrakoff, I., and Yacoub, R. 2000. Transline proving to be valuable tool. Noxious Times 2:13–14.Google Scholar
DiTomaso, J. M. 2000. Invasive weeds in rangelands: species, impacts, and management. Weed Sci. 48:255–265.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DiTomaso, J. M., Kyser, G. B., and Hastings, M. S. 1999. Prescribed burning for control of yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis) and enhanced native plant diversity. Weed Sci. 47:233–242.Google Scholar
DiTomaso, J. M., Kyser, G. B., Orloff, S. B., and Enloe, S. F. 2000. Integrated strategies offer site-specific control of yellow starthistle. Calif. Agric. 54:30–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dow AgroSciences, LLC. 1999. Transline® specimen label.Google Scholar
Rice, P. M. and Toney, J. C. 1996. Plant population responses to broadcast herbicide applications for spotted knapweed control. Down Earth 51:14–19.Google Scholar
Rice, P. M., Toney, J. C., Bedunah, D. J., and Carlson, C. E. 1997. Plant community diversity and growth form responses to herbicide applications for control of Centaurea maculosa . J. Appl. Ecol. 34:1397–1412.Google Scholar
SAS Institute. 2000. JMP® Statistics and Graphics Guide. Version 4. Cary, NC: Statistical Analysis Systems Institute.Google Scholar
Sokal, R. R. and Rohlf, F. J. 1995. Biometry: The Principles and Practice of Statistics in Biological Research. 3rd ed. New York: W. H. Freeman. pp. 272–292.Google Scholar
Thomsen, C. D., Williams, W. A., and Vayssieres, M. 1993. Controlled grazing on annual grassland decreases yellow starthistle. Calif. Agric. 47:36–40.Google Scholar
Tyser, R. W., Asebrook, J. M., Potter, R. W., and Kurth, L. L. 1998. Roadside revegetation in Glacier National Park, U.S.A.: effects of herbicide and seedling treatments. Restor. Ecol. 6:197–206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
White, J. 1999. Can integrated methods stop starthistle? Calif. Agric. 53:7.Google Scholar