Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-swr86 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-19T19:27:20.443Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Action of Simazine in Increasing Plant Protein Content

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

E. L. Pulver
Affiliation:
Pesticide Res. Center, Mich. State Univ., East Lansing, MI. 48823
S. K. Ries
Affiliation:
Pesticide Res. Center, Mich. State Univ., East Lansing, MI. 48823

Abstract

Application of 10-8 M 2-chloro-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine (simazine) to the roots of 10-day old barley (Hordeum vulgare L. ‘Coho’) seedlings grown in nutrient cultures increased the water-soluble protein content when grown at 20 C day, 15 C night with 3 mM nitrate nitrogen. The water-soluble carbohydrate content decreased with increases in water-soluble protein. In a time-course study simazine increased 14C-leucine incorporation into protein prior to increasing nitrate uptake, indicating that simazine may have a direct influence on protein synthesis. The nonherbicidal metabolite of simazine, 2-hydroxy-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine (hydroxysimazine), did not affect 14C-leucine incorporation into protein.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © 1973 Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Allinson, D. W. and Peters, R. A. 1970. Influence of simazine on crude protein and cellulose content and yield of forage grasses. Agron. J. 62:246250.Google Scholar
2. Butt, V. S. and Beevers, H. 1961. The regulation of pathways of glucose catabolism in maize roots. Biochem. J. 80:2126.Google Scholar
3. Ferrari, A. 1960. Nitrogen determination by a continuous digestion and analysis system. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 87:792800.Google Scholar
4. Fink, R. J. and Fletchall, O. 1967. The influence of atrazine or simazine on forage yield and nitrogen components of corn. Weeds 15:272274.Google Scholar
5. Freney, J. R. 1965. Increased growth and uptake of nutrients by corn plants treated with low levels of simazine. Aust. J. Agr. Res. 16:257263.Google Scholar
6. Hiranpradit, H., Foy, C. L., and Shear, G. M. 1972. Effects of low levels of atrazine on some mineral constituents and form of nitrogen in Zea mays L. Agron. J. 64:267272.Google Scholar
7. Hodge, J. E. and Hofreiter, B. T. 1962. Determination of reducing sugars and carbohydrates. Phenol-sulfuric acid method. Pages 388389 in Whistler, R. L. and Walfrom, M. L., eds. Methods of carbohydrate chemistry, Vol. I, Analysis and preparation of sugars. Academic Press, New York–London.Google Scholar
8. Kay, B. L. 1971. Atrazine and simazine increase yield and quality of range forage. Weed Sci. 19:370372.Google Scholar
9. Lowe, R. H. and Hamilton, J. L. 1967. Rapid method for determination of nitrate in plants and soil extracts. J. Agr. Food Chem. 15:359361.Google Scholar
10. Mans, J. and Novelli, A. D. 1964. Stabilization of the maize seedling amino acid incorporating system. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 80:127136.Google Scholar
11. McReynolds, W. D. Jr. and Tweedy, J. A. 1970. Effect of nitrogen form on simazine accumulation in corn, soybeans, and rye. Weed Sci. 18:270272.Google Scholar
12. Penner, D. and Early, R. L. 1972. The effect of atrazine on chromatin activity in corn and soybean. Weed Sci. 20:267270.Google Scholar
13. Ries, S. K., Larsen, R. P., and Kenworthy, A. L. 1963. The apparent influence of simazine on nitrogen nutrition of peach and apple trees. Weeds. 11:270273.Google Scholar
14. Ries, S. K. and Gast, A. 1965. The effect of simazine on nitrogenous components of corn. Weeds 13:272274.Google Scholar
15. Ries, S. K., Chmiel, H., Dilley, D. R., and Filner, P. 1967. The increase in nitrate reductase activity and protein content of plants treated with simazine. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (U.S.). 58:526532.Google Scholar
16. Ries, S. K., Schweizer, C. J., and Chmiel, H. 1968. The increase in protein content and yield of simazine-treated crops in Michigan and Costa Rica. BioScience. 18:205208.Google Scholar
17. Ries, S. K., Moreno, O., Meggitt, W. F., Schweizer, C. J., and Ashkar, S. A. 1971. Wheat seed protein: Chemical influence on and relationship to subsequent growth and yield in Michigan and Mexico. Agron. J. 62:746748.Google Scholar
18. Ries, S. K. and Wert, V. 1972. Simazine-induced nitrate absorption related to plant protein content. Weed Sci. 20:569572.Google Scholar
19. Schrader, L. E., Peterson, D. M., Leng, E. R., and Hageman, R. H. 1966. Nitrate reductase activity of maize hybrids and their parental inbred. Crop. Sci. 6:169173.Google Scholar
20. Singh, B. and Salunkhe, D. K. 1970. Some metabolic responses of bush bean plants to a subherbicidal concentration of certain s-triazine compounds. Can. J. Bot. 48: 22132217.Google Scholar
21. Tweedy, J. A. and Ries, S. K. 1967. Effect of simazine on nitrate reductase activity in corn. Plant Physiol. 42:280282.Google Scholar
22. Tweedy, J. A., Kern, A. D., Kapusta, G., and Millis, D. E. 1971. Yield and nitrogen content of wheat and sorghum treated with different rates of nitrogen fertilizer and herbicides. Agron. J. 63:216218.Google Scholar
23. Vergara, B. S., Miller, M., and Avelino, E. 1970. Effect of simazine on protein content of rice grain (Oryza sativa L.) Agron. J. 62:269272.Google Scholar
24. Weissman, G. S. 1972. Influence of ammonium and nitrate nutrition on the pyridine and adenine nucleotides of soybean and sunflowers. Plant Physiol. 49:142145.Google Scholar
25. Wray, J. L., Ries, S. K., and Filner, P. 1970. Protein accumulation and regulation of nitrate reduction in higher plants. in Plant protein resources, their improvements through nuclear techniques 1:403410. FAO/IAEA Symposium, Vienna.Google Scholar
26. Wu, M. T., Singh, B., and Salunkhe, D. K. 1971. Influence of s-triazines on some enzymes of carbohydrates and nitrogen metabolism in leaves of pea (Pisum sativum L.) and sweet corn (Zea mays L. Plant Physiol. 48:517520.Google Scholar
27. Zieseil, J. F. Jr., Rivenback, W. F., and Hageman, R. H. 1963. Nitrate reductase activity, protein content, and yield of four maize hybrids at varying plant populations. Crop Sci. 3:2732.Google Scholar