Hostname: page-component-84b7d79bbc-g78kv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-30T13:32:25.119Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Histological Effects of Ethephon and 2,4,5-T on Mesquite

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

P. R. Morey ,
R. E. Sosebee  and
B. E. Dahl
P. R. Morey
Affiliation:
Dep. Biol. Sci., Texas Tech Univ., Lubbock, TX 79409
R. E. Sosebee
Affiliation:
Dep. Range and Wildlife Mgt., Texas Tech Univ., Lubbock, TX 79409
B. E. Dahl
Affiliation:
Dep. Range and Wildlife Mgt., Texas Tech Univ., Lubbock, TX 79409
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Six-week-old honey mesquite [Prosopis glandulosa (Torr.) var. glandulosa] seedlings were treated with various concentrations of ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid) and 2,4,5-T [(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid] alone and in combinations to determine effect on stem mortality under greenhouse conditions. Ethephon alone at 0.05 g/L brought about defoliation and a reduction in xylem tissue formation but did not affect the histological development of the stem tissue. Treatment with 2,4,5-T alone at 3.2 g/L resulted in 40% stem mortality along with the formation of abnormal xylem tissue of reduced thickness. A combination of ethephon (0.05 g/L) and 2,4,5-T (3.2 g/L) significantly increased mesquite mortality. This was associated with a further reduction in xylem thickness, abnormal development of the xylem, abnormal positional relationships of vascular tissues, and initiation of adventitious roots. This study showed that ethephon in combination with 2,4,5-T was more effective than either treatment alone in promoting the disruption of the tissue systems of the stem and in increasing control of mesquite seedlings.

Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 24 , Issue 3 , May 1976 , pp. 292 - 297
Copyright
Copyright © 1976 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Abeles, F.B. 1973. Ethylene in Plant Biology. Academic Press, New York. 302 pp.Google Scholar
2. Apelbaum, A. and Burg, S.P. 1971. Altered cell microfibrillar orientation in ethylene-treated Pisum sativum stems. Plant Physiol. 48:648–652.Google Scholar
3. Bachelard, E.P. and Ayling, R.D. 1971. The effects of picloram and 2,4-D on plant cell membranes. Weed Res. 11:31–36.Google Scholar
4. Baur, J.R. and Morgan, P.W. 1969. Effects of picloram and ethylene on leaf movement in huisache and mesquite seedlings. Plant Physiol. 44:831–838.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5. Bradley, M.V., Crane, J.C., and Marei, N. 1968. Some histological effects of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid applied to mature apricot leaves. Bot. Gaz. 129:231–238.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6. Bradley, M.V., Marei, N., and Crane, J.C. 1969. Morphological and histological effects of ethrel on the apricot. Prunus armeniaca L., as compared with those of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 94:316–318.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7. Hughes, D.L., Takahashi, B., Timm, H., and Yamaguchi, M. 1973. Influence of ethylene on sprout development of seed potato. Amer. Potato J. 50:439–444.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8. Hull, H.M. and Morton, H.L. 1971. Morphological response of two mesquite varieties to 2,4,5-T and picloram. Weed Sci. 19:712–716.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9. Kiermayer, O. 1964. Growth responses to herbicides, pages 207–233. in Audus, L.J., ed., The physiology and Biochemistry of Herbicides. Academic Press, London. 555 pp.Google Scholar
10. Meyer, R.E. 1970. Picloram and 2,4,5-T influence on honey mesquite morphology. Weed Sci. 18:525–531.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11. Meyer, R.E., Bovey, R.W., Mckelvy, W.T., and Riley, T.E. 1972. Influence of plant growth stage and environmental factors on the response of honey mesquite to herbicide. Texas Agric. Exp. Sta. Publ. B-1127. 19 pp.Google Scholar
12. Morgan, P.W. and Hall, W.C. 1962. Effect of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid on the production of ethylene by cotton and grain sorghum. Physiol. Plant. 15:420–427.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13. Morgan, P.W., Meyer, R.E., and Merkle, M.G. 1969. Chemical stimulation of ethylene evolution and bud growth. Weed Sci. 17:353–355.Google Scholar
14. Murray, M.A. and Whiting, A.G. 1947. A comparison of the effectiveness of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and four of its salts in inducing histological responses in bean plants. Bot. Gaz. 109:13–39.Google Scholar
15. Parsons, D.L. and Sosebee, R.E. 1974. Influence of ethrel on phenological development in honey mesquite. J. Range Manage. 27:165–166.Google Scholar
16. Peterson, R.L. 1973. Control of cambial activity in roots of turnip (Brassica rapa). Can. J. Bot. 51:475–480.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17. Peterson, R.L., Stephenson, G.R., and Mitchell, B.J.F. 1974. Effects of picloram on shoot anatomy of red maple and white ash. Weed Res. 14:227–229.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18. Poovaiah, B.W. 1974. Promotion of radial growth by 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid in bean. Bot. Gaz. 135:289–292.Google Scholar
19. Robards, A.W., Davidson, E., and Kidwai, P. 1969. Short-term effects of some chemicals on cambial activity. J. Exp. Bot. 20:912–920.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20. Robnett, W.E. and Morey, P.R. 1973. Wood formation in Prosopis: Effect of 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, and TIBA. Amer. J. Bot. 60:745–754.Google Scholar
21. Robnett, W.E. and Morey, P.R. 1974. Effect of ethephon on mesquite and huisache stem anatomy. Weed Sci. 22:280–284.Google Scholar
22. Sass, J.E. 1958. Botanical Microtechnique. Iowa State University Press, Ames. 228 pp.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23. Scott, P.C., Miller, L.W., Webster, B.D., and Leopold, A.C. 1967. Structural changes during bean leaf abscission. Amer. J. Bot. 54:730–734.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24. Sheldrake, A.R. 1971. Auxin in the cambium and its differentiating derivatives. J. Exp. Bot. 22:735–740.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25. Wallace, R.H. 1928. Histogenesis of intumescences in the apple induced by ethlene gas. Amer. J. Bot. 15:509–524.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26. Wilde, M.H. and Edgerton, L.J. 1975. Histology of ethephon injury on ‘montmorency’ cherry branches. HortScience 10:79–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
27. Wu, C.C., Kozlowski, T.T., Evert, R.F., and Sasaki, S. 1971. Effects of direct contact of Pinus resinosa seeds and young seedlings with 2,4-D or picloram on seedling development. Can J. Bot. 49:1737–1741.CrossRefGoogle Scholar