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Modulation of cone to horizontal cell transmission by Calcium and pH in the fish retina

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 June 2009

Krisztina Harsanyi  and
Stuart c. Mangel
Krisztina Harsanyi
Affiliation:
Departments of Ophthalmology and Physiology and Biophysics, and the Neurobiology Research Center, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham
Stuart c. Mangel
Affiliation:
Departments of Ophthalmology and Physiology and Biophysics, and the Neurobiology Research Center, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham
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Abstract

The effects of small changes in the calcium and sodium concentrations and in the pH of superfusion medium on the membrane potential and light-evoked responses of cone horizontal cells in the goldfish retina were examined. Conventional intracellular recording, a bicarbonate-based superfusion medium, and a specially designed superfusion apparatus that reduced pressure wave disturbances were used. An increase in the extracellular calcium concentration, [Ca2+]∘ from control levels (0.1 mM) to 1.0 mM hyperpolarized cone horizontal cells and reduced the magnitude of their light responses at all stimulus intensities. Addition of 20 mM NaCl to the 1.0 mM Ca2+ Ringer’s solution reversed the hyperpolarizing effect of the 1.0 mM Ca2+ but addition of 20 mM choline, a monovalent cation that does not pass through cyclic GMP-activated channels, did not. Reduction of the superfusate pH from 7.6 to 7.2 by switching from a Ringer’s solution gassed with 3% CO2 to one gassed with 10% CO2 hyperpolarized horizontal cells and reduced the magnitude of their light responses at all stimulus intensities for both 0.1 and 1.0 mM Ca,2+ Ringer’s solutions. An increase in pH to 8.2 by gassing the superfusate with 1% CO2 slightly depolarized the cells in 0.1 mM Ca2+ Ringer’s solution but slightly hyperpolarized the cells in the 1.0 mM Ca2+ Ringer’s solution. Following pharmacological isolation of the horizontal cells from synaptic input with high doses of glutamate (4–5 mM) and/or Co2+ (4 mM) treatment, no effect on horizontal cell membrane potential due to changes in pH or [Ca2+]∘ was observed. These findings are discussed with respect to the cellular mechanisms and sites of action in the outer retina that are affected by changes in pH∘ and [Ca2+]∘.

Keywords

RetinaHorizontal cellspHCalcium
Type
Research Articles
Information
Visual Neuroscience , Volume 10 , Issue 1 , January 1993 , pp. 81 - 91
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1993

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