Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-x4r87 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T10:42:59.728Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Induced contrast asynchronies may be useful for luminance photometry

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 April 2005

ARTHUR G. SHAPIRO ,
ANTHONY D'ANTONA ,
JARED B. SMITH ,
LINDSAY A. BELANO  and
JUSTIN P. CHARLES
ARTHUR G. SHAPIRO
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg
ANTHONY D'ANTONA
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Chicago, Chicago IL
JARED B. SMITH
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg
LINDSAY A. BELANO
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg
JUSTIN P. CHARLES
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Shapiro et al. (2004) introduced a new visual effect (the induced contrast asynchrony) that demonstrates a perceptual separation between the response to a modulated light and the response to contrast of the light relative to background. The effect is composed of two physically identical disks, one surrounded by a dark annulus and the other by a light annulus. The luminance levels of both central disks were modulated in time, producing a stimulus with in-phase luminance modulation and antiphase contrast modulation. Observers primarily perceived the disks to be modulating asynchronously (i.e. they perceived the contrast), but at low temporal frequencies could also track the luminance level. Here we document that the induced contrast asynchrony disappears when the surrounds are achromatic and the center lights are modulated near the equiluminant axis. Observers viewed 1-deg-diameter disks embedded 2-deg-diameter achromatic surrounds. The chromaticity of the disks was modulated in time (1 Hz) along lines in an S versus Luminance cardinal color plane and an L-M versus Luminance cardinal color plane; observers responded as to whether the modulation appeared in phase. For all observers and both color planes, the lights appeared in phase most frequently at angles near the standard observer's equiluminant line and out of phase at angles further away from that line. Observers differed in the range of angles that produce the appearance of in-phase modulation. The results suggest that induced contrast asynchronies may be useful as a technique for equating luminance of disparate lights.

Keywords

simultaneous contrastcolor contrastcolor inductionphotometryequiluminancecolor visionillusions
Type
Research Article
Information
Visual Neuroscience , Volume 21 , Issue 3 , May 2004 , pp. 243 - 247
Copyright
© 2004 Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Abney, W. (1913). Researches in Colour Vision. London, UK: Longmans, Green.
Adelson, E.H. (2000). Lightness perception and lightness illusions. In The New Cognitive Neurosciences, 2nd edition, ed. Gazzaniga, M.S., pp. 339–351. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press.
Cavanagh, P., Tyler, C.W., & Favreau, O.E. (1984). Perceived velocity of moving chromatic gratings. Journal of the Optical Society of America A, 1, 893–899.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chevreul, M.E. (1839/1854/1967). The Principles of Harmony and Contrast of Colors and Their Applications to the Arts. New York: Reinhold Publishing Corporation.
Hawken, M.J. & Gegenfurtner, K.R. (1999). Interactions between color and motion in the primate visual system. In Color Vision from Genes to Perception, ed. Gegenfurtner, K.R. & Sharpe, L.T., pp. 235–248. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Helmholtz, H.V. (1866/1962). Treatise on Physiological Optics, Volume 2. New York: Dover.
Hering, E. (1905/1964). Outline of a Theory of Light Sense. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
Kelly, D.H. (1983). Spatiotemporal variation of chromatic and achromatic contrast thresholds. Journal of the Optical Society of America 73, 742–750.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krauskopf, J., Williams, D.R., & Heeley, D.W. (1982). Cardinal directions of color space. Vision Research 22, 1123–1131.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lennie, P., Pokorny, J., & Smith, V.C. (1993). Luminance. Journal of the Optical Society of America A 10, 1283–1293.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pokorny, J., Smith, V.C., & Lutze, M. (1989). Heterochromatic modulation photometry. Journal of the Optical Society of America A 6, 1618–1623.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pokorny, J., Jin, Q., & Smith, V.C. (1993). Spectral-luminosity functions, scalar linearity, and chromatic adaptation. Journal of the Optical Society of America A 10, 1304–1313.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pokorny, J., Smith, V.C., Lee, B.B., & Yeh, T. (2001). Temporal sensitivity of macaque ganglion cells to lights of different chromaticity. Color Research and Application 26, S140–S144.Google Scholar
Shapiro, A.G. & D'Antona, A.D. (2003). Independent directions in color space delineated by contrast-induced phase lags. Journal of Vision 9, 313.Google Scholar
Shapiro, A.G., Baldwin, L.B., & Mollon, J.D. (2002). The S and L-M chromatic systems have matched temporal processing characteristics only at low-light levels. Perception, ECVP2002 conference programme and abstracts (suppl.). 31, 134.Google Scholar
Shapiro, A.G., D'Antona, A.D., Charles, J.P., Belano, L.A., & Smith, J.B. (2004). Induced Contrast Asynchronies. Journal of Vision, 4(6), 459–468, http://journalofvision.org/4/6/5/.Google Scholar
Smith, V.C. & Pokorny, J. (1995). Chromatic-discrimination axes, CRT phosphor spectra, and individual variation in color vision. Journal of the Optical Society of America A 12, 27–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Swanson, W.H. (1993). Chromatic adaptation alters spectral sensitivity at high temporal frequencies. Journal of the Optical Society of America A 10, 1294–1303.Google Scholar
Webster, M.A., Miyahara, E., Malkoc, G., & Raker, V.E. (2000). Variations in normal color vision. I. Cone-opponent axes. Journal of the Optical Society of America A 17, 1535–1544.CrossRefGoogle Scholar