Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-m42fx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-16T17:53:38.793Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

OVPD® technology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

N. Meyer*
Affiliation:
AIXTRON AG, Kackertstr. 15-17, 52072 Aachen, Germany
M. Rusu
Affiliation:
Solarenergieforschung (SE2), Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Germany
S. Wiesner
Affiliation:
Solarenergieforschung (SE2), Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Germany
S. Hartmann
Affiliation:
TU Braunschweig, Schleinitzstraße 22, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
D. Keiper
Affiliation:
AIXTRON AG, Kackertstr. 15-17, 52072 Aachen, Germany
M. Schwambera
Affiliation:
AIXTRON AG, Kackertstr. 15-17, 52072 Aachen, Germany
M. Gersdorff
Affiliation:
AIXTRON AG, Kackertstr. 15-17, 52072 Aachen, Germany
M. Kunat
Affiliation:
AIXTRON AG, Kackertstr. 15-17, 52072 Aachen, Germany
M. Heuken
Affiliation:
AIXTRON AG, Kackertstr. 15-17, 52072 Aachen, Germany
W. Kowalsky
Affiliation:
TU Braunschweig, Schleinitzstraße 22, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
M. Ch. Lux-Steiner
Affiliation:
Solarenergieforschung (SE2), Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Germany
Get access

Abstract

The precise control of organic thin film processing by organic vapor phase deposition (OVPD®) is presented and analyzed on device level. OVPD® offers accurate and individual control of deposition layer properties like mixing of several materials (co-deposition) and the control of various morphologies by a wide process parameter space given by, e.g. substrate temperature, deposition rate and pressure. The benefit of precise co-deposition is demonstrated by an OLED with a sensitive twofold-doped emissive layer and revealed a doping level of 0.26% for the red dopant with a std. dev. of 0.38%. The effect of the various morphologies is investigated by optimizing the efficiency of molecular organic solar cells consisting of copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) and C60. With defined process parameters efficiencies of up to 3.0% were demonstrated.

Keywords

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© EDP Sciences, 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Marheineke, B., Proc. SPIE 5961, 596101-1 (2005) CrossRef
M. Heuken, N. Meyer, in Organic Electronics, edited by H. Klauk (Wiley-VCH, 2006), ISBN-13: 978-3-527-31264-1
Zhou, T.X., Ngo, T., Brown, J.J., Shtein, M., Forrest, S.R., Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 021107 (2005) CrossRef
Forrest, S.R., Nature 428, 911 (2004) CrossRef
M. Schwambera, N. Meyer, D. Keiper, M. Heuken, S Hartmann, W. Kowalsky, A. Farahzadi, P. Niyamakom, M. Beigmohamadi, M. Wuttig, Enhanced Control of OLED Deposition Processes by OVPD ®, IMID 07 Digest, 25-6 (2007)
OPAL 2008 Project, Contract No.: 13N8993, www.bmbf.de
www.aixtron.com
Yang, F., Shtein, M, Forrest, S.R., Nat. Mater. 4, 37 (2005) CrossRef
Rusu, M., Gasiorowski, J., Wiesner, S., Meyer, N., Heuken, M., Fostiropoulos, K., Lux-Steiner, M.Ch., Thin Solid Films 516, 7160 (2008) CrossRef
M. Rusu, J. Gasiorowski, S. Wiesner, D. Keiper, N. Meyer, M. Heuken, K. Fostiropoulos, M.Ch. Lux-Steiner, Proc. EMRS-2008 Conf., Special issue (Springer, 2009) (in press)
M. Rusu, J. Gasiorowski, S. Wiesner, D. Keiper, N. Meyer, M. Heuken, K. Fostiropoulos, M.Ch. Lux-Steiner, Proc. 23 rd EUPVSEC, 2008, in WIP-Renewable Energies (2008), pp. 679–681, ISBN: 3-936338-24-8