Hostname: page-component-5c6d5d7d68-wpx84 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-08-17T18:11:57.860Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Singularities in Cosmology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 February 2017

Roger Penrose*
Affiliation:
Mathematical Institute, Oxford, U.K.

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Singularities in space-time can be broadly divided into three classes: past-spacelike (in white holes or the big bang), timelike (naked singularities) and future-spacelike (in black holes or the final recollapse). In a closed Universe, if a simple restriction is made to eliminate timelike singularities, the inference may be drawn that the topology of the Universe is unchanging with time. Thermodynamical considerations lead one to infer that the final singularity of recollapse must differ markedly in structure from the initial big bang. This may plausibly be related to the existence of black holes and the presumed non-existence of white holes.

Type
Part V: The Structure of Singularities
Copyright
Copyright © Reidel 1974 

References

Bardeen, J. M., Carter, B., and Hawking, S. W.: 1974, to appear.Google Scholar
Beckenstein, J. D.: 1973, Phys. Rev. D7, 2333.Google Scholar
Belinskii, V. A., Khalatnikov, I. M., and Lifshitz, E. M.: 1970, Adv. Phys. 19, 523.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Belinskii, V. A., Khalatnikov, I. M., and Lifshitz, E. M.: 1972, Soviet Phys. JETP 62, 1606.Google Scholar
Belinskii, V. A., Khalatnikov, I. M., and Lifshitz, E. M.: 1974, this volume p. 261.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Casella, R. S.: 1968, Phys. Rev. Letters 21, 1128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Geroch, R.: 1970, J. Math. Phys. 11, 437.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Geroch, R., Kronheimer, E. H., and Penrose, R.: 1972, Proc. Roy. Soc. London A327, 545.Google Scholar
Hawking, S. W. and Ellis, G. F. R.: 1973, The Large Scale Structure of Space-Time, Cambridge Univ. Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hawking, S. W. and Penrose, R.: 1970, Proc. Roy. Soc. London A314, 529.Google Scholar
Khalatnikov, I. M. and Lifshitz, E. M.: 1963, Adv. Phys. 12, 185.Google Scholar
Penrose, R.: 1968, in DeWitt-Morette, C. M. and Wheeler, J. A. (eds.), Battelle Rencontres, Benjamin, New York.Google Scholar
Penrose, R.: 1972, Techniques of Differential Topology in Relativity, S.I.A.M., Philadelphia.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Penrose, R.: 1974, in DeWitt-Morette, C. M. (ed.), ‘Gravitational Radiation and Gravitational Collapse’, IAU Symp. 64, 82.Google Scholar
Tolman, R. C.: 1934, Relativity, Thermodynamics and Cosmology, Clarendon Press, Oxford.Google Scholar
Zel'dovich, Ya.: 1974, Proc. IAU Symp. 64 on Gravitational Radiation and Gravitational Collapse, Warsaw, 5–8 September 1973.Google Scholar