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Reflectance Properties of Irradiated Simulated Cometary Ices

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 August 2017

E. T. Arakawa
Affiliation:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A.
B. N. Khare
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Planetary Studies, Cornell University Ithaca, New York 14853, U.S.A.
B.G.J.P.T. Murray
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Planetary Studies, Cornell University Ithaca, New York 14853, U.S.A.
C. Sagan
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Planetary Studies, Cornell University Ithaca, New York 14853, U.S.A.
W. R. Thompson
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Planetary Studies, Cornell University Ithaca, New York 14853, U.S.A.

Extract

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In the prevailing icy conglomerate model of the cometary nucleus, the outer surface is processed by galactic cosmic rays in the Oort cloud. Most ices composed of CH4, along with H2O and/or NH3, studied in our laboratory redden and darken upon charged particle irradiation from a high frequency corona discharge at 77 K. Spectral reflectance relative to a BaSO4 standard in the wavelength interval 0.39 μm to 0.70 μm was measured for incidence angle, i = 0° and emission angle, ε = −4°. CH4-containing ice at 77 K was modified at a dose ~1011 erg cm−2 over a period of ~1 hour. Progressive darkening followed continued irradiation. The ratio of the red to blue reflectance [R(λ = 0.70 μm)/R(λ = 0.40 μm)] changed from 0.9 to ~1.4. Using techniques of ellipsometric polarimetry, we are investigating the detailed optical properties (complex refractive index) of these ices before and after irradiation. These results may then be compared with the properties of cometary coma particles predicted by recent light scattering models to determine which classes of laboratory-produced materials best match the population of dark, reddish particles which seem to be prevalent in some cometary comae.

Type
Comets
Copyright
Copyright © Reidel 1987