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An Archbishop in the Pulpit: Tobie Matthew’s Preaching Diary 1606-1622

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 February 2016

W. J. Sheils*
Affiliation:
University of York
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Extract

It had always been a central duty of the episcopate to preach, and other spiritual functions such as confirmation and visitation, not to mention secular responsibilities at the opening of Parliament and at court, provided ample opportunity to extend the normal pastoral range. Distinguished preachers such as Stephen Langton and John Fisher were regarded as among the finest ornaments of the medieval Church, so that, at one level, Tobie Matthew’s commitment to preaching was part of a long tradition expressed in the careers of distinguished forebears and enjoined in the Scriptures and the Fathers. At another level, the Reformation both shifted the emphasis which bishops were to place on preaching, and changed the context in which it took place.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Ecclesiastical History Society 1999 

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References

1 Powicke, F. M., Stephen Langton (Oxford, 1928), pp. 168–76Google Scholar; Duffy, E., ‘The Spirituality of John Fisher’, in Bradshaw, B. and Duffy, E., eds, Humanism, Reform and Reformation: the Career of John Fisher (Cambridge, 1989), pp. 208–20.Google Scholar

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5 DNB, 13.

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15 There is some doubt over Matthew’s age; see Collinson, Religion of Protestants, p. 49, n. 37; see tables 1-3.

16 ‘Diary’, pp. 118-20; table 4. There are also a few errors of transcription: Fulwood should read Fulford in 1613, to judge from the context, and an unidentified place ‘Eshington’ in 1610 may refer to either Kensington or Islington.

17 Table I; Reid, Council in the North, p. 496; DNB sub Talbot, Gilbert.

18 Table 3; ‘Diary’, p. 86; Berry, L. E., intro., The Geneva Bible, a Facsimile of the 1560 Edition (Madison, WI, and London, 1969), p. 74Google Scholar. Matthew’s own copy has not been identified in the Minster Library or other repositories of his books. I am grateful to Bernard Barr, the Minster Librarian, for help on this point.

19 Marchant, R. A., The Puritans and the Church Courts in the Diocese of York, 1560-1642 (London, 1960), pp. 158–66Google Scholar; White, B. R., The English Separatist Tradition from the Marian Martyrs to the Pilgrim Fathers (London, 1971), pp. 118–30Google Scholar. To judge from Richard Bernard’s actions with his congregation, Matthew’s strategy was well judged, p. 128.

20 ‘Diary’, pp. 84-5, 105, 119; Collinson, Religion of Protestants, pp. 129-40.

21 Gavin, J., ‘An Elizabethan Bishop of Durham: Tobie Matthew, 1595-1606’ (McGill University, Montreal, PhD. thesis, 1972), pp. 302–12, 320Google Scholar; Matthew, T., Concio Apologetica adversus Campion (London, 1638).Google Scholar

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23 DNB, 13.

24 Table 2; see also Maclure, M., The Paul’s Cross Sermons, 1534-1642 (Toronto, 1958)CrossRefGoogle Scholar, though, as this concentrates on printed material, Matthew’s preaching is not dealt with.

25 Prest, W., The Inns of Court, 1590-1640 (London, 1972), pp. 194, 206–7Google Scholar; on one occasion it was at Henry Yelverton’s reading, for Yelverton’s Puritanism, see Cliffe, J. T., The Puritan Gentry: the Great Puritan Families of Early Stuart England (London, 1984), pp. 26–7, 206.Google Scholar

26 Table 3.

27 Collinson, Religion of Protestants, p. 53, though Matthew was never a court prelate: Fincham, Prelate as Pastor, pp. 41-53.

28 ‘Diary’, p. 87; she took the precaution of arranging her memorial there before her death: Rowse, A. L., Eminent Elizabethans (London, 1983), pp. 140, esp. 38–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

29 Geneva Bible, fol. 277r.

30 ‘Diary’, pp. 109-12.

31 Reid, Council in the North, pp. 372-82; Sheffield had been at Christchurch while Matthew was Dean, Cockayne, G. E., The Complete Peerage (London, 1910-40), 9, p. 389.Google Scholar

32 See also ‘Diary’, pp. 96 (1610), 106 (1613), 117 (1616), 128 (1620), and for residence at Cawood pp. 100, (1611), 103 (1612), 114 (1615), 120(1617). Those years in which he did not preach at Christmas were usually marked by illness.

33 Barr, ‘The Minster Library’, p. 503; Reid, Council in the North, pp. 490-8; in addition to those mentioned in the text, the following councillors were named in the ‘Diary’: Sir Thomas Fairfax of Denton, Sir Thomas Fairfax of Gilling, Sir Charles Hales, Sir Arthur Ingram, and Sir Henry Bellasis.

34 Aveling, H., ‘Catholic recusants of the West Riding’, Proceedings of the Leeds Philo sophical and Literary Society, 10, pt 6 (1960), pp. 226–7, 291Google Scholar. Hazelwood was owned by the recusant Vavasour family.

35 ‘Diary’, p. 112.

36 See below, pp. 394, 397.

37 ‘Diary’, pp. 103-4.

38 For the endowments of the peculiars see, BI, Bp Dio 3, passim. Hemingbrough was a noted recusant centre, H. Aveling, Post-Reformation Catholicism in East Yorkshire, East Yorkshire Local History Society (1960), p. 63.

39 Fincham, K., ed., Visitation Articles and Injunctions of the Early Stuart Church, i, 1603-1625, Church of England Record Society, I (Woodbridge, 1994), p. 55.Google Scholar

40 Collinson, Religion of Protestants, pp. 89-90.

41 Fincham, ed., Visitation Articles, p. xix.

42 Geneva Bible, fol. 100r.

43 ‘Diary’, p. 92.

44 For Favour, see n. 13, above, for Bunney see Aylmer and Cant, History of York Minster, pp. 436, 499; Shells, W.J., ‘“The right of the Church”: the clergy, tithe and the church courts at York 1540-1640’, SCH, 24 (1986), pp. 231–55.Google Scholar

45 ‘Diary’, p. 120.

46 Fincham, K., ed., The Early Stuart Church (Basingstoke, 1992), Introduction, p. 5Google Scholar; Collinson, Archbishop Crindal, pp. 283-93.

47 Gavin, ‘Tobie Matthew’, pp. 326-9 for location of manuscripts: two sermons were printed in The Christian Remembrancer, 47 (1847): see Tyacke, N., Anti-Calvinists: the Rise of English Arminianism c.1590-1640 (Oxford, 1987), pp. 1819.Google Scholar

48 ‘Diary’, pp. 84-5, 142.

49 Of those texts noted, 19 were from the New Testament and 11 from the Old: see also Coolidge, J. S., The Pauline Renaissance in England: Puritanism and the Bible (Oxford, 1970).Google Scholar

50 Gavin, ‘Tobie Matthew’, p. 326; but see ‘Diary’, p. 109 for the fifth Sunday after Trinity, where the Latin text of the Vulgate is noted, suggesting that Matthew sometimes used different versions.

51 Ibid., pp. 83, 87; Geneva Bible, fol. 91 v.

52 ‘Diary’, p. 87; Geneva Bible, fols 6r, 84r.

53 ‘Diary’, p. 87; Geneva Bible, fols 95r, 98v. For Beverley and Holderness recusants see Aveling, Catholicism in East Yorkshire, pp. 34-6, 63, 66-8.

54 ‘Diary’, p. 83 and passim for Luke.

55 Ibid, esp. p. 97; this text he annotated as ‘Admonitio Moralis, Exhortatio Doctrinalis, et Narratio Historia’.

56 Fincham, Visitation Articles, p. 55; Green, I., The Christian’s ABC Catechisms and Catechizing in England C.1530-1740 (Oxford, 1996), esp. pp. 387422.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

57 Fincham, Prelate as Pastor, pp. 250-76; Collinson, P., ‘Lectures by combination: structures and characteristics of church life in seventeenth-century England’, in idem, Godly People (London, 1983), pp. 467–98Google Scholar; Morgan, J., Godly Learning: Puritan Attitudes to Reason, Learning, and Education 1560-1640 (Cambridge, 1986), pp. 132–41.Google Scholar

58 Collinson, Religion of Protestants, pp. 82-8.

59 Ibid., p. 38, refers to a Jacobean heyday, but see the comment on Grindal’s reputation in Fincham, Prelate as Pastor, p. 275. Fincham, Early Stuart Church, ‘introduction’, pp. 6-14, accepts the general thesis, but points to tensions within the Church.

60 Smith, Fasti, pp. 8, 9, 17, 19, 35; Marchant, R. A, The Church under the Law; Justice, Administration and Discipline in the Diocese of York, 1560-1640 (Cambridge, 1969), pp. 4950Google Scholar; for Hall see DNB 8, and McCabe, R. A., Joseph Hall: a Study in Satire and Meditation (Oxford, 1982), pp. 1014Google Scholar; the timing suggests that his appointment as archdeacon was linked to his controversial writings against the separatists Robinson and Smyth. For his later career, sec Fincham, ‘Episcopal government, 1603-40’, in his Early Stuart Church, pp. 86-7.

61 Foster, A., ‘The function of a bishop: the career of Richard Neile’, in Heal, F. M. and O’Day, R., eds, Continuity and Change: Personnel and Administration in the English Church 1500-1640 (Leicester, 1976), pp. 3354, esp. 41–2Google Scholar; but see also Fincham, ‘Episcopal government’, pp. 84, 88.

62 Finchara, Visitation Articles, pp. 211-15, discussed in idem, Prelate as Pastor, pp. 244-7; and see Joseph Hall’s comment at this date, noted in Collinson, Religion of Protestants, p. 90.