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Distinct expression patterns of β-1,3-glucanases and chitinases during the germination of Solanaceous seeds

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 February 2007

Luciana Petruzzelli ,
Kerstin Müller ,
Katrin Hermann  and
Gerhard Leubner-Metzger
Luciana Petruzzelli
Affiliation:
Istituto Biosintesi Vegetali, C.N.R., via Bassini 15, I-20133 Milano, Italy
Kerstin Müller
Affiliation:
Institut für Biologie II, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Schänzlestr. 1, D-79104 Freiburg i. Br., Germany
Katrin Hermann
Affiliation:
Institut für Biologie II, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Schänzlestr. 1, D-79104 Freiburg i. Br., Germany
Gerhard Leubner-Metzger*
Affiliation:
Institut für Biologie II, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Schänzlestr. 1, D-79104 Freiburg i. Br., Germany
*
*Correspondence Fax: + 49 761 2032612 Email: Aleubner@uni-freiburg.de Web site: 'The Seed Biology Place' http://www.leubner.ch
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Abstract

The expression patterns of β-1,3-glucanases (βGlu) and chitinases (Chn) were investigated during the seed germination of members of the Cestroideae (three Nicotiana species, Petunia hybrida) and the Solanoideae (Capsicum annuum, Physalis peruviana) subgroups of Solanaceous species. Rupture of the micropylar testa (seed coat) and rupture of the micropylar endosperm, i.e. radicle emergence, were distinct and temporally separate events during the germination of Cestroideae-type seeds. βGlu accumulation in imbibed Cestroideae-type seeds, occurring after testa rupture but prior to endosperm rupture, was inhibited by abscisic acid (ABA) and promoted by gibberellins (GA) and light, in strict association with germination, and appeared to be caused by transcriptional regulation of the class I βGlu genes. The micropylar cap of Solanoideae-type seeds does not allow a distinction between testa and endosperm rupture, but βGlu accumulation occurred prior to radicle emergence of pepper and P. peruviana seeds. ABA inhibited endosperm rupture and βGlu accumulation in the micropylar cap of pepper seeds. In contrast to tomato, βGlu accumulation in pepper seeds was not only confined to the micropylar cap, was due to distinct, tissue-specific βGlu isoforms, and was not accompanied by Chn accumulation. In conclusion, ABA inhibition of germination and βGlu accumulation in the micropylar endosperm appears to be a widespread event during the seed germination of Solanaceous species. In contrast, accumulation of Chn and distinct βGlu isoforms in the embryo, prior to germination, appears to be a species-specific phenomenon within the Solanaceae. In addition, a post-germination co-induction of βGlu and Chn in the root of the emerged seedling was found in endospermic and non-endospermic species and could represent an evolutionarily conserved event during dicot seedling development.

Keywords

abscisic acidCapsicumchitinasegibberellinβ-1,3-glucanaseNicotianaseed germinationSolanaceae family
Type
Research Article
Information
Seed Science Research , Volume 13 , Issue 2 , June 2003 , pp. 139 - 153
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2003

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